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arXiv:1405.1066 · Annalen der Physik

Entangling two distant non‐interacting microwave modes

Mehdi Abdi, Paolo Tombesi, David Vitali

Published Aug 21, 2014• 22 citations
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Abstract

A protocol able to prepare two remote and initially uncorrelated microwave modes in an entangled stationary state, which is certifiable using only local optical homodyne measurements id proposed. The protocol is an extension of continuous variable entanglement swapping, and exploits two hybrid quadripartite opto‐electro‐mechanical systems in which a nanomechanical resonator acts as a quantum interface able to entangle optical and microwave fields. The proposed protocol allows to circumvent the problems associated with the fragility of microwave photons with respect to thermal noise and may represent a fundamental tool for the realization of quantum networks connecting distant solid‐state and superconducting qubits, which are typically manipulated with microwave fields. The certifying measurements on the optical modes guarantee the success of entanglement swapping without the need of performing explicit measurements on the distant microwave fields.

DOI
10.1002/andp.201400100

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Abstract Microwave‐optics entanglement plays a crucial role in building hybrid quantum networks with quantum nodes working in the microwave and optical frequency bands. However, there are limited efficient ways to produce such entanglement due to the large frequency mismatch between the two regimes. Here, a new mechanism is presented to prepare microwave‐optics entanglement based on a hybrid system of two coupled opto‐ and magnomechanical microspheres, i.e., an yttrium‐iron‐garnet (YIG) sphere and a silica sphere. The YIG sphere holds a magnon mode and a vibration mode induced by magnetostriction, while the silica sphere supports an optical whispering‐gallery mode and a mechanical mode coupled via an optomechanical interaction. The two mechanical modes are close in frequency and directly coupled via physical contact of the two microspheres. It is shown that by simultaneously activating the magnomechanical (optomechanical) Stokes (anti‐Stokes) scattering, stationary entanglement can be established between the magnon and optical modes via mechanics‐mechanics coupling. This leads to stationary microwave‐optics entanglement by further coupling the YIG sphere to a microwave cavity and utilizing the magnon‐microwave state swapping. The protocol is within reach of current technology and may become a promising new approach for preparing microwave‐optics entanglement, which finds unique applications in hybrid quantum networks and quantum information processing with hybrid quantum systems.
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We propose a scheme that is able to generate stationary continuous-variable entanglement between an optical and a microwave cavity mode by means of their common interaction with a nanomechanical resonator. We show that when both cavities are intensely driven, one can generate bipartite entanglement between any pair of the tripartite system, and that, due to entanglement sharing, optical-microwave entanglement is efficiently generated at the expense of microwave-mechanical and optomechanical entanglement.