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arXiv:1402.3525 · Brazilian Journal of Physics

Decoherence: A Closed-System Approach

Sebastian Fortin, Olimpia Lombardi, Mario Castagnino

Published Aug 19, 2013• 29 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1007/s13538-013-0151-0

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A generalized formal framework for decoherence, that can be used both in open and closed quantum systems, is sketched. In this context, the relationship between the decoherence of a closed system and the decoherence of its subsystems is studied, and the corresponding decoherence times are defined: for macroscopic systems, the decoherence time of the closed system is much greater than the decoherence time of its subsystems. Finally, it is shown that the application of the new formal framework to a well-known model leads to physically adequate results.
The aim of this paper is to review a new perspective about decoherence, according to which formalisms originally devised to deal just with closed or open systems can be subsumed under a closed-system approach that generalizes the traditional account of the phenomenon. This new viewpoint dissolves certain conceptual difficulties of the orthodox open-system approach but, at the same time, shows that the openness of the quantum system is not the essential ingredient for decoherence, as commonly claimed. Moreover, when the behavior of a decoherent system is described from a closed-system perspective, the account of decoherence turns out to be more general than that supplied by the open-system approach, and the quantum-to-classical transition defines unequivocally the realm of classicality by identifying the observables with classical-like behavior.
In this paper we will present the \\QTR{it}{self-induced approach} to decoherence, which does not require the interaction between the system and the environment: decoherence in closed quantum systems is possible. This fact has relevant consequences in cosmology, where the aim is to explain the emergence of classicality in the universe conceived as a closed (non-interacting) quantum system. In particular, we will show that the self-induced approach may be used for describing the evolution of a closed quantum universe, whose classical behavior arises as a result of decoherence.