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arXiv:1402.2423 · Nature Communications

Interface between path and orbital angular momentum entanglement for high-dimensional photonic quantum information

Robert Fickler, Radek Łapkiewicz, Marcus Huber, Martin P. J. Lavery, Miles J. Padgett, Anton Zeilinger

Published Jul 30, 2014• 234 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/ncomms5502

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Abstract The complex interactions between orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light and atoms are particularly intriguing in the areas of quantum optics and quantum information. Building a versatile high-dimensional quantum network needs broad spiral-bandwidth for preparing higher-quanta OAM mode and resolving the bandwidth mismatch in spatial space. Here, we demonstrate a broad spiral-bandwidth quantum-interface between photon and memory. Through twisted fields of the writing and reading, the correlated OAM distribution between photon and memory is significantly broadened. This broad spiral-bandwidth quantum-interface could be spanned in multiplexing regime and could work in high-quanta scenario with capability of ∣l∣=\vert l\vert =∣l∣= ∣ l ∣ = 30, and we demonstrate the entanglement within 2-D subspace with a fidelity of 80.5 ± 4.8% for high lll l . Such state-of-the-art technology to freely control the spatial distribution of OAM memory is very helpful to construct high-dimensional quantum networks and provides a benchmark in the field of actively developing methods to engineer OAM single photon from matters.
We propose a method for generation of entangled photonic states in high dimensions, the so-called qudits, by exploiting quantum correlations of Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) entangled photons, produced via Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion. Diffraction masks containing N angular slits placed in the path of twin photons define a qudit space of dimension N2, spanned by the alternative pathways of OAM-entangled photons. We quantify the high-dimensional entanglement of path-entangled photons by the Concurrence, using an analytic expression valid for pure states. We report numerical results for the Concurrence as a function of the angular aperture size for the case of high-dimensional OAM entanglement and for the case of high-dimensional path entanglement, produced by N × M angular slits. Our results provide additional means for preparation and characterization of entangled quantum states in high-dimensions, a fundamental resource for quantum simulation and quantum information protocols.