arXiv:1311.2149 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Crossover from electromagnetically induced transparency to Autler–Townes splitting in open ladder systems with Doppler broadening

Chaohua Tan, Guoxiang Huang

Published Mar 4, 2014• 34 citations

Abstract

We propose a general theoretical scheme to investigate the crossover from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) in open ladder-type atomic and molecular systems with Doppler broadening. We show that when the wavenumber ratio kc/kp≈−1, EIT, ATS, and EIT-ATS crossover exist for both ladder-I and ladder-II systems, where kc (kp) is the wavenumber of control (probe) field. Furthermore, when kc/kp is far from −1, EIT can occur, but ATS is destroyed if the upper state of the ladder-I system is a Rydberg state. In addition, ATS exists but EIT is not possible if the control field used to couple the two lower states of the ladder-II system is a microwave field. The theoretical scheme developed here can be applied to atoms, molecules, and other systems (including Na2 molecules, and Rydberg atoms), and the results obtained may have practical applications in optical information processing and transformation.

DOI: 10.1364/josab.31.000704

Related papers

Crossover from electromagnetically induced transparency to Autler-Townes splitting in open V-type molecular systems

Chengjie Zhu, Chaohua Tan, Guoxiang Huang

We investigate electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) in an open V-type molecular system. Through detailed analytical calculations of the absorption spectrum of a probe laser field using the residue theorem and spectrum decomposition, we find that EIT may occur and a crossover from EIT to ATS exists for hot molecules. However, there is no EIT and hence no EIT-ATS crossover for cold molecules. Furthermore, we prove that for hot molecules EIT is allowed even for a counter-propagating configuration. We provide explicit formulas of EIT conditions and widths of EIT transparency windows of the probe field when hot molecules work in copropagating and counter-propagating configurations, respectively. Our theoretical result agrees well with the recent experimental ones reported by Lazoudis et al. [Phys. Rev. A 83, 063419 (2011)].

arXiv:1303.1897Physical Review AApr 10, 201347 citations

Distinction of electromagnetically induced transparency and Autler-Towners splitting in a Rydberg-involved ladder-type cold atom system

Zhonghua Ji, Yuechun Jiao, Yongmei Xue +3 more

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) are two similar quantum coherent phenomena but have different mechanisms and applications. Akaike information criteria (AIC), an objective method to discriminate EIT and ATS from an experimental viewpoint, has been employed in a variety of systems. Here we use AIC method to quantitively discriminate a series of spectra of cold atoms in a Rydberg-involved upper-driving ladder-type. The derived weights of EIT and ATS reflect that our spectra change from EIT-ATS intermediate region to ATS-dominated region along Rabi frequency of coupling field increases. We find that there are two factors affecting EIT-ATS weights in a Rydberg-involved three-level system: dephasing rate, induced by the interactions among Rydberg atoms, makes the EIT-ATS crossover move to the direction of low Rabi frequency of coupling field and the experimental noise makes the difference between EIT and ATS weights reduce at elsewhere. Our investigation could provide a meaningful reference for the observations and applications of Rydberg-involved quantum coherent spectroscopy.

Optics ExpressMar 22, 202113 citations

Real-imaginary spectrum decomposition of the transparency spectra in microwave dressed Rydberg systems

Wenyu Niu, Lu Qin, Zeyun Shi +9 more

To distinguish the contributions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) in their applications in precision laser spectroscopy, we propose a real-imaginary spectrum decomposition method to investigate the transparency spectra in a four-level microwave (MW) dressed Rydberg system. We show that the opening transparency windows in the absorption spectra of probe field is a prominent character by EIT, EIT-ATS crossover, and ATS when the MW field is turned off and the intensity of the control field is adjusted. When the MW field is turned on and gradually increased, the EIT is destroyed and disappears. In addition, the most prominent characters that open a transparency window are the EIT-ATS crossover and the ATS. Then, if we further increase the intensity of the MW field, we find that the transparency windows open mainly due to the ATS. Compared to the previous considerations of this issue, which were limited to three-level systems, our four-level scheme reported here is useful for understanding the features of quantum interference in multilevel atomic systems, and has potential applications to study enhanced sensitivity, measurement spectroscopic, quantum processing, quantum communication, and transmission.

Optics ExpressMay 20, 20240 citations

Transition from electromagnetically induced transparency to Autler–Townes splitting in cold cesium atoms

Liping Hao, Yuechun Jiao, Yongmei Xue +4 more

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) are two similar yet distinct phenomena that modify the transmission of a weak probe field through an absorption medium in the presence of a coupling field, featured in a variety of three-level atomic systems. In many applications it is important to distinguish EIT from ATS splitting. We present EIT and ATS spectra in a three-level cascade system, involving cold cesium atoms in the Rydberg state. The EIT linewidth, γ EIT , defined as the full width at half maximum of the transparency window, and the ATS splitting, γ ATS , defined as the peak-to-peak distance between AT absorption peaks, are used to delineate the EIT and ATS regimes and to characterize the transition between the regimes. In the cold-atom medium, in the weak-coupler (EIT) regime γ EIT ≈ A + B ( + , where Ω c and Ω p are the coupler and probe Rabi frequencies, Γ eg is the spontaneous decay rate of the intermediate 6P 3/2 level, and parameters A and B that depend on the laser linewidth. We explore the transition into the strong-coupler (ATS) regime, which is characterized by the relation γ ATS ≈ Ω c . The experiments are in agreement with numerical solutions of the Master equation. Our analysis accounts for non-ideal conditions that exist in typical realizations of Rydberg-EIT, including laser-frequency jitter, Doppler mismatch of the utilized two-color Rydberg EIT system, and strong probe fields. The obtained criteria to distinguish cold-atom EIT from ATS are readily accessible and applicable in practical implementations.

arXiv:1709.00144New Journal of PhysicsJul 5, 201844 citations

Distinction between double electromagnetically induced transparency and double Autler–Townes splitting in RF-driven four-level ladder 87 Rb atomic vapor

Harish Singh Rawat, Satya Kesh Dubey, Vijay Narain Ojha

Abstract In this paper, the physical origin of interferences has been explored in a four-level cascade rubidium atom by simultaneous interaction with three energies; two optical fields and one radio frequency (RF) field. The atomic system is investigated by a combination of the analytical method introduced by Zhu et al (2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 053836) and resonant pole method introduced by Anisimov (2008 J. Mod. Opt. 55 ). A substantial amount of variation in the probe absorption has been observed in various regimes. The transition from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to Autler–Townes spitting (ATS) is observed. It is found that a definite threshold value exists governing the crossover from EIT to ATS. The applied analytical method gives a clear insight into the nature of interferences; one may observe EIT as a consequence of destructive interference, whereas ATS is a consequence of constructive interference. Furthermore, a transition from single EIT to double electromagnetically induced transparency has been detected when the system is illuminated by RF-driving field in weak control regime. Further, transition from ATS to double Autler–Townes splitting has been observed in the strong control regime.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical PhysicsJun 20, 201818 citations

Mixture of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Autler–Townes Splitting in a Five-Level Atomic System*

Xiao-Yun 晓芸 Zhang 张, Shan 山 Wu 吴, Hai‐Chao Li

Abstract Discerning electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) from Autler–Townes splitting (ATS) is a significant issue in quantum optics and has attracted wide attention in various three-level configurations. Here we present a detailed study of EIT and ATS in a five-level atomic system considered to be composed of a four-level Y-type subsystem and a three-level Λ-type subsystem. In our theoretical calculations with standard density matrix formalism and steady-state approximation, we obtain the general analytical expression of the first-order matrix element responsible for the probe-field absorption. In light of the well-known three-level EIT and ATS criteria, we numerically show an intersection of EIT with ATS for the Y-type subsystem. Furthermore, we show that an EIT dip is sandwiched between two ATS dips (i.e., multi-dip mixture of EIT and ATS) in the absorption line for the five-level system, which can be explained by the dressed-state theory and Fano interference.

Communications in Theoretical PhysicsFeb 1, 20173 citations