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arXiv:1311.1582

Quantum Key Distribution From A Random Seed

Eduin H Serna

Published Nov 7, 2013• 18 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

It is designed a new quantum cryptography protocol that generates various secret and secure keys of the same size of the transmitted qubits, implying zero information losses between the interlocutors. Besides, generates key swapping between the two recipients of photons, without even sharing a past between them. This protocol differs from BB84 just in the classic procedures, using a random seed and asymmetric cryptography.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1311.1582

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It is designed a new quantum cryptography protocol that generates various secret and secure keys of the same size of the transmitted qubits, implying zero information losses between the interlocutors. Besides, generates key swapping between the two recipients of photons, without even sharing a past between them. This protocol differs from BB84 just in the classic procedures, using a random seed and asymmetric cryptography.
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Quantum cryptography is a well-stated field within quantum applications where quantum information is used to set secure communications, authentication, and secret keys. Now used in quantum devices with those purposes, particularly Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which proposes a secret key between two parties free of effective eavesdropping, at least at a higher level than classical cryptography. The best-known quantum protocol to securely share a secret key is the BB84 one. Other protocols have been proposed as adaptations of it. Most of them are based on the quantum indeterminacy for non-orthogonal quantum states. Their security is commonly based on the large length of the key. In the current work, a BB84-like procedure for QKD based on double quantum teleportation allows the sharing of the key statement using several parties. Thus, the quantum bits of information are assembled among three parties via entanglement, instead of travelling through a unique quantum channel as in the traditional protocol. Asymmetry in the double teleportation plus post-measurement retains the secrecy in the process. Despite requiring more complex control and resources, the procedure dramatically reduces the probability of success for an eavesdropper under individual attacks, because of the ignorance of the processing times in the procedure. Quantum Bit Error Rate remains in the acceptable threshold and it becomes configurable. The article depicts the double quantum teleportation procedure, the associated control to introduce the QKD scheme, the analysis of individual attacks performed by an eavesdropper, and a brief comparison with other protocols.
Cryptography is being introduced to secure data. Through Classical Cryptographic technique, we can encrypt our data and secure secret key also. But classical cryptography is based on mathematical techniques where reversing one-way function is possible with sufficient computing power and time. So, Quantum Cryptography is introduced to overcome those drawbacks of traditional classical cryptography. It is based on the values of quantum mechanics and photon. Scientists and researchers have brought up a new key distribution protocol based on Quantum Cryptography is called Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) Protocol. The first QKD protocol BB84 was introduced by Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard in 1984. After that several QKD protocols have been created. In this paper we have improved BB84 Protocol by removing the drawbacks of the existing algorithm towards Eavesdropping which may not be detected or disclosing large portion of secret key. Steps of the existing BB84 algorithm along with the modified one is described in detail with example and pseudo code. Limitations of BB84 and comparative study of both the existing and the improved one based on their security has been made and described in this current work.
Quantum cryptography is based on quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication.It allows two parties to produce a shared random bit string known only to them.These random bits can be used as a key to encrypt and decrypt messages.The most important and unique property of quantum cryptography is the ability of the two communicating users to detect the presence of any third party trying to gain knowledge of the key.It is based on fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics.By using quantum entanglement or quantum super positions and transmitting information in quantum states, a communication system can be implemented which detects eavesdropping.Quantum cryptography is used to produce and distribute a key, not to transmit any message data.This key along with certain encryption algorithm, is used to encrypt (and decrypt) a message, which can then be transmitted over a standard communication channel.This paper concentrates on comparison between classical and quantum cryptography as well as survey on various quantum key distribution protocols used to generate and distribute the key among communicating parties.
Quantum key distribution is a sub topic under quantum cryptography where two parties distribute a shared random bit string known only to them and which can be used as a key to encrypt and decrypt messages. This paper proposes a novel method of QKD to distribute the secret key. The basic concept of QKD remains the same but the process by which the key is exchanged between the two parties is different and is much more secure than the existing QKD protocols. The proposed method exploits the concept of hamming weight.
Quantum cryptography is a science that exploits quantum mechanical properties to perform cryptographic tasks.The best-known example of quantum cryptography is quantum key distribution, which offers an information-theoretically secure solution to the key exchange problem.I try to generalize the first quantum key distribution protocol called BB84 and implement the protocol in different steps.The implementation is performed in a fully theoretical manner with a general mathematical base.I propose here an algorithm that can make this protocol more secure.After implementation of the protocol, I tried to find out the result, which I illustrated with figures and tables and also proposed here as a suitable polarizer diagram model that helped me find the outcome of this concept.My proposed polarizer diagram only works to encode and decode the valuable secret key that is transferred from sender to receiver, and the secret key will not be transferred as binary bit data but as a photon particle by the photon polarizer converter.Though the protocol BB84 is the most secure of all quantum key distribution protocols, I tried to make it more secure from any third-party access.