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arXiv:1310.6558 · Physical Review A

Simulating Zeno physics by a quantum quench with superconducting circuits

Qingjun Tong, Jun‐Hong An, L. C. Kwek, Hong‐Gang Luo, C. H. Oh

Published Jun 10, 2014• 14 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Studying out-of-equilibrium physics in quantum systems under quantum quench is of vast experimental and theoretical interest. Using periodic quantum quenches, we present an experimentally accessible scheme to simulate the quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects in an $\mathit{open}$ quantum system of a single superconducting qubit interacting with an array of transmission line resonators. The scheme is based on the following two observations: First, compared with conventional systems, the short-time nonexponential decay in our superconducting circuit system is readily observed; and second, a quench-off process mimics an ideal projective measurement when its time duration is sufficiently long. Our results show the active role of quantum quench in quantum simulation and control.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.89.060101

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Studying out-of-equilibrium physics in quantum systems under quantum quench is of vast experimental and theoretical interest. Using periodic quantum quenches, we present an experimentally accessible scheme to simulate the quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects in an open\mathit{open}open quantum system of a single superconducting qubit interacting with an array of transmission line resonators. The scheme is based on the following two observations: First, compared with conventional systems, the short-time nonexponential decay in our superconducting circuit system is readily observed; and second, a quench-off process mimics an ideal projective measurement when its time duration is sufficiently long. Our results show the active role of quantum quench in quantum simulation and control.
Detailed schemes are investigated for experimental verification of Quantum Zeno effect with a superconducting qubit. A superconducting qubit is affected by a dephasing noise whose spectrum is 1/f1/f1/f and so the decay process of a superconducting qubit shows a naturally nonexponential behavior due to an infinite correlation time of 1/f1/f1/f noise. Since projective measurements can easily influence the decay dynamics having such nonexponential feature, a superconducting qubit is a promising system to observe quantum Zeno effect. We have studied how a sequence of projective measurements can change the dephasing process and also we have suggested experimental ways to observe quantum Zeno effect with a superconducting qubit. It would be possible to demonstrate our prediction in the current technology.
Quantum Zeno effect is a significant tool in quantum manipulating and computing. We propose its observation in superconducting phase qubit with two experimentally feasible measurement schemes. The conventional measurement method is used to achieve the proposed pulse and continuous readout of the qubit state, which are analyzed by projection assumption and Monte Carlo wavefunction simulation, respectively. Our scheme gives a direct implementation of quantum Zeno effect in a superconducting phase qubit.
We present a theoretical study of the quantum Zeno effect in a driven superconducting charge qubit strongly and ultrastrongly coupled to a transmission line resonator. Using the dressed-state approach, we predict the different dynamics behaviors of the dressed qubit subjected to two opposite projection measurements. We show that, for very frequent measurements, the survival probability of the initial state is of exponential form and the Zeno time of the dressed qubit can be several orders of magnitude longer than that of the bare qubit. For slowly repeated measurements, the detuning of the driving field has significant impact on the measurement dynamics, and by choosing appropriate parameters for the dressed qubit, the Zeno effect can occur in the nonresonant coupling case. Such a Zeno effect is excluded from a usual two-level system.
The Zeno and anti-Zeno effects are features of measurement-driven quantum evolution where frequent measurement inhibits or accelerates the decay of a quantum state. Either type of evolution can emerge depending on the system-environment interaction and measurement method. In this experiment, we use a superconducting qubit to map out both types of Zeno effect in the presence of structured noise baths and variable measurement rates. We observe both the suppression and acceleration of qubit decay as repeated measurements are used to modulate the qubit spectrum causing the qubit to sample different portions of the bath. We compare the Zeno effects arising from dispersive energy measurements and purely dephasing "quasimeasurements," showing energy measurements are not necessary to accelerate or suppress the decay process.
The giant atom system is a new paradigm in quantum optics, in which the traditional dipole approximation is not available. In this paper, we construct an artificial giant atom model by coupling a superconducting circuits to a transmission line by two coupling points. In the ultrastrong coupling regime, we show that the Lamb shift of the giant atom, which is induced by the non-negligible counter-rotating atom-waveguide coupling term, will modify its dissipation process. Furthermore, we investigate quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effect where the size of the giant atom serves as a sensitive controller. Specifically, by comparing the critical measurement interval and the life time of the giant atom, we clarify the condition for the occurring of quantum anti-Zeno effect. We hope our work is useful for the application of giant atom system in the investigation of fundamental problems of quantum mechanics.