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arXiv:1308.3614 · Physical Review A

Enhanced photon correlations due to strong laser-atom-cavity coupling

Viorel Ciornea, P. Bardetski, Mihai Macovei

Published Aug 27, 2013• 4 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the resonant quantum dynamics of a laser-pumped real or artificial two-level single-atom system embedded in a leaking microcavity. We found that for stronger laser-atom-cavity couplings the generated microcavity photons exhibit larger steady-state correlations. In particular, the second- and third-order photon correlation functions are greater than the corresponding ones obtained for an incoherent light source, respectively. Furthermore, the emitted microcavity photon flux is enhanced in comparison to weaker coupling cases.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.88.023851

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The time dependence of the correlations between the photons, emitted from the microcavity with embedded quantum dot under incoherent pumping, is studied theoretically. Analytical expressions for the second-order correlation function g2(t) are presented in strong and weak coupling regimes. At moderate pumping the correlation function demonstrates Rabi oscillations, while at larger pumping it shows monoexponential decay. The decay time of the correlations nonmonotonously depends on the pumping value and has a maximum corresponding to the self-quenching transition.
We investigate the resonant quantum dynamics of a multi-qubit ensemble in a microcavity. Both the quantum-dot subsystem and the microcavity mode are pumped coherently. We find that the microcavity photon statistics depends on the phase difference of the driving lasers, which is not the case for the photon intensity at resonant driving. This way, one can manipulate the two-photon correlations. In particular, higher degrees of photon correlations and, eventually, stronger intensities are obtained. Furthermore, the microcavity photon statistics exhibits steady-state oscillatory behaviors as well as asymmetries.
We theoretically investigate the optical response of a quantum dot, embedded in a microcavity and incoherently excited by pulsed pumping. The exciton and biexciton transition are off-resonantly coupled with the left- and right-polarized mode of the cavity, while the two-photon resonance condition is fulfilled. Rich behaviours are shown to occur in the time dependence of the second-order correlation functions which refer to counter-polarized photons. The corresponding time-averaged quantities, which are accessible to experiments, confirm that such a dot-cavity system behaves as a good emitter of single, polarization-correlated photon pairs.
Although conventional lasers operate with a large number of intracavity atoms, the lasing properties of a single atom in a resonant cavity have been theoretically investigated for more than a decade. Here we report the experimental realization of such a one-atom laser operated in a regime of strong coupling. Our experiment exploits recent advances in cavity quantum electrodynamics that allow one atom to be isolated in an optical cavity in a regime for which one photon is sufficient to saturate the atomic transition. In this regime the observed characteristics of the atom-cavity system are qualitatively different from those of the familiar many atom case. Specifically, we present measurements of intracavity photon number versus pump intensity that exhibit "thresholdless" behavior, and infer that the output flux from the cavity mode exceeds that from atomic fluorescence by more than tenfold. Observations of the second-order intensity correlation function demonstrate that our one-atom laser generates manifestly nonclassical light that exhibits both photon antibunching and sub-Poissonian photon statistics.