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arXiv:1212.5584 · Physical Review A

Feshbach resonances, weakly bound molecular states, and coupled-channel potentials for cesium at high magnetic fields

Martin Berninger, Alessandro Zenesini, Bo Huang, Walter Harm, Hanns‐Christoph Nägerl, Francesca Ferlaino, Rudolf Grimm, Paul S. Julienne, Jeremy M. Hutson

Published Mar 25, 2013• 112 citations
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Abstract

We explore the scattering properties of ultracold ground-state Cs atoms at magnetic fields between 450 G (45 mT) and 1000 G. We identify 17 previously unreported Feshbach resonances, including two very broad ones near 549 and 787 G. We measure the binding energies of several different dimer states by magnetic field modulation spectroscopy. We use least-squares fitting to these experimental results, together with previous measurements at lower field, to determine a six-parameter model of the long-range interaction potential, designated M2012. Coupled-channels calculations using M2012 provide an accurate mapping between the $s$-wave scattering length and the magnetic field over the entire range of fields considered. This mapping is crucial for experiments that rely on precise tuning of the scattering length, such as those on Efimov physics.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.87.032517

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We explore the scattering properties of ultracold ground-state Cs atoms at magnetic fields between 450 G (45 mT) and 1000 G. We identify 17 previously unreported Feshbach resonances, including two very broad ones near 549 and 787 G. We measure the binding energies of several different dimer states by magnetic field modulation spectroscopy. We use least-squares fitting to these experimental results, together with previous measurements at lower field, to determine a six-parameter model of the long-range interaction potential, designated M2012. Coupled-channels calculations using M2012 provide an accurate mapping between the sss-wave scattering length and the magnetic field over the entire range of fields considered. This mapping is crucial for experiments that rely on precise tuning of the scattering length, such as those on Efimov physics.
We explore the scattering properties of ultracold ground-state Cs atoms at magnetic fields between 450 G (45 mT) and 1000 G. We identify 17 new Feshbach resonances, including two very broad ones near 549 G and 787 G. We measure the binding energies of several different dimer states by magnetic field modulation spectroscopy. We use least-squares fitting to these experimental results, together with previous measurements at lower field, to determine a new 6-parameter model of the long-range interaction potential, designated M2012. Coupled-channels calculations using M2012 provide an accurate mapping between the s-wave scattering length and the magnetic field over the entire range of fields considered. This mapping is crucial for experiments that rely on precise tuning of the scattering length, such as those on Efimov physics.
We have studied interspecies scattering in an ultracold mixture of 87{}^{87}87Rb and 133{}^{133}133Cs atoms, both in their lowest-energy spin states. The three-body loss signatures of 30 incoming sss- and ppp-wave magnetic Feshbach resonances over the range 0 to 667 G have been cataloged. Magnetic field modulation spectroscopy was used to observe molecular states bound by up to 2.5 $\text{MHz}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}h$. We have created RbCs Feshbach molecules using two of the resonances. Magnetic moment spectroscopy along the magnetoassociation pathway from 197 to 182 G gives results consistent with the observed and calculated dependence of the binding energy on magnetic field strength. We have set up a coupled-channel model of the interaction and have used direct least-squares fitting to refine its parameters to fit the experimental results from the Feshbach molecules, in addition to the Feshbach resonance positions and the spectroscopic results for deeply bound levels. The final model gives a good description of all the experimental results and predicts a large resonance near 790 G, which may be useful for tuning the interspecies scattering properties. Quantum numbers and vibrational wave functions from the model can also be used to choose optimal initial states of Feshbach molecules for their transfer to the rovibronic ground state using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage.
We have studied magnetic Feshbach resonances in an ultracold sample of Na prepared in the absolute hyperfine ground state. We report on the observation of three sss-, eight ddd-, and three ggg-wave Feshbach resonances, including a more precise determination of two known sss-wave resonances, and one sss-wave resonance at a magnetic field exceeding 200 mT. Using a coupled-channels calculation we have improved the sodium ground-state potentials by taking into account these new experimental data and derived values for the scattering lengths. In addition, a description of the molecular states leading to the Feshbach resonances in terms of the asymptotic-bound-state model is presented.
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We present an analytic model to calculate the atomic scattering length near a Feshbach resonance from data on the molecular binding energy. Our approach considers finite-range square-well potentials and can be applied near broad, narrow, or even overlapping Feshbach resonances. We test our model on Cs2{\mathrm{Cs}}_{2}Cs2​ Feshbach molecules. We measure the binding energy using magnetic-field modulation spectroscopy in a range where one broad and two narrow Feshbach resonances overlap. From the data we accurately determine the Cs atomic scattering length and the positions and widths of two particular resonances.
Tunable Feshbach resonances and interaction potentials between 23^{23}23Na and 87^{87}87Rb atoms
We measure the binding energies of weakly bound Feshbach molecules formed between \Na and \Rb atoms in their lowest hyperfine Zeeman levels. We form molecules at the Feshbach resonance near 347.64 G and dissociate them by magnetic field modulation. We use the binding energies to refine the singlet and triplet potential energy curves, using coupled-channel bound-state calculations. We then use coupled-channel scattering calculations on the resulting potentials to produce a high-precision mapping between magnetic field and scattering length. We also observe 10 additional sss-wave Feshbach resonances for \Na and \Rb in different combinations of Zeeman sublevels of the F=1F = 1F=1 hyperfine states. Some of the resonances show 2-body inelastic decay due to spin exchange. We compare the resonance properties with coupled-channel scattering calculations that full take account of inelastic properties.