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arXiv:2108.01856 · Physical Review A

Improved characterization of Feshbach resonances and interaction potentials between Na23 and Rb87 atoms

Zhichao Guo, Fan Jia, Bing Zhu, Lintao Li, Jeremy M. Hutson, Dajun Wang

Published Feb 11, 2022• 17 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The ultracold mixture of $^{23}\mathrm{Na}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms has become an important system for investigating physics in Bose-Bose atomic mixtures and for forming ultracold ground-state polar molecules. In this work, we provide an improved characterization of the most commonly used Feshbach resonance near 347.64 G between $^{23}\mathrm{Na}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ in their absolute ground states. We form Feshbach molecules using this resonance and measure their binding energies by dissociating them via magnetic-field modulation. We use the binding energies to refine the singlet and triplet potential-energy curves, using coupled-channel bound-state calculations. We then use coupled-channel scattering calculations on the resulting potentials to produce a high-precision mapping between magnetic field and scattering length. We also observe ten additional $s$-wave Feshbach resonances for $^{23}\mathrm{Na}$ and $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ in different combinations of Zeeman sublevels of the $F=1$ hyperfine states. Some of the resonances show two-body inelastic decay due to spin exchange. We compare the resonance properties with coupled-channel scattering calculations that full take account of inelastic properties.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.105.023313

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The ultracold mixture of 23Na^{23}\mathrm{Na}23Na and 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms has become an important system for investigating physics in Bose-Bose atomic mixtures and for forming ultracold ground-state polar molecules. In this work, we provide an improved characterization of the most commonly used Feshbach resonance near 347.64 G between 23Na^{23}\mathrm{Na}23Na and 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb in their absolute ground states. We form Feshbach molecules using this resonance and measure their binding energies by dissociating them via magnetic-field modulation. We use the binding energies to refine the singlet and triplet potential-energy curves, using coupled-channel bound-state calculations. We then use coupled-channel scattering calculations on the resulting potentials to produce a high-precision mapping between magnetic field and scattering length. We also observe ten additional sss-wave Feshbach resonances for 23Na^{23}\mathrm{Na}23Na and 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb in different combinations of Zeeman sublevels of the F=1F=1F=1 hyperfine states. Some of the resonances show two-body inelastic decay due to spin exchange. We compare the resonance properties with coupled-channel scattering calculations that full take account of inelastic properties.
Tunable Feshbach resonances and interaction potentials between 23^{23}23Na and 87^{87}87Rb atoms
We measure the binding energies of weakly bound Feshbach molecules formed between \Na and \Rb atoms in their lowest hyperfine Zeeman levels. We form molecules at the Feshbach resonance near 347.64 G and dissociate them by magnetic field modulation. We use the binding energies to refine the singlet and triplet potential energy curves, using coupled-channel bound-state calculations. We then use coupled-channel scattering calculations on the resulting potentials to produce a high-precision mapping between magnetic field and scattering length. We also observe 10 additional sss-wave Feshbach resonances for \Na and \Rb in different combinations of Zeeman sublevels of the F=1F = 1F=1 hyperfine states. Some of the resonances show 2-body inelastic decay due to spin exchange. We compare the resonance properties with coupled-channel scattering calculations that full take account of inelastic properties.
We present a detailed study of interspecies Feshbach resonances of the bosonic 23Na+39K^{23}\mathrm{Na}+^{39}\mathrm{K}23Na+39K mixture for magnetic fields up to 750G750\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}750G in various collision channels. A total of 14 Feshbach resonances are reported, as well as four zero crossings of the scattering length and three inelastic two-body loss features. We use the observed magnetic-field locations of the resonant features together with the known data on 23Na+40K^{23}\mathrm{Na}+^{40}\mathrm{K}23Na+40K to refine the singlet and triplet ground-state potentials of NaK and achieve a consistent description of Feshbach resonances for both the Bose-Bose mixture of 23Na+39K^{23}\mathrm{Na}+^{39}\mathrm{K}23Na+39K and the Bose-Fermi mixture of 23Na+40K^{23}\mathrm{Na}+^{40}\mathrm{K}23Na+40K. We also discuss the influence of the interplay between inelastic two-body and three-body processes on the observation of a Feshbach resonance.
We have successfully prepared an optically trapped ultracold mixture of 23{}^{23}23Na and 87{}^{87}87Rb atoms and studied their interspecies Feshbach resonances. Using two different spin combinations, several sss- and ppp-wave resonances are identified by observing high inelastic losses and temperature increases for both species near resonant magnetic field values. The two sss-wave resonances observed below 500 G between atoms in their lowest-energy levels are possible candidates for Feshbach molecule association. Our results are well characterized by a coupled-channel model which also refines the ground-state interaction potentials between 23{}^{23}23Na and 87{}^{87}87Rb. This work opens up the prospect for preparing ultracold ensembles of ground-state bosonic NaRb molecules which are chemically stable and can provide strong dipolar interactions.
We report a theoretical study of Feshbach resonances in 6Li+23Na^{6}\mathrm{Li}+^{23}\mathrm{Na}6Li+23Na and 7Li+23Na^{7}\mathrm{Li}+^{23}\mathrm{Na}7Li+23Na mixtures at ultracold temperatures using accurate interaction potentials in a full quantum coupled-channel calculation. Feshbach resonances for l=0l=0l=0 in the initial collisional open channel 6Li(f=1∕2,mf=1∕2)+23Na(f=1,mf=1)^{6}\mathrm{Li}(f=1∕2,{m}_{f}=1∕2)+^{23}\mathrm{Na}(f=1,{m}_{f}=1)6Li(f=1∕2,mf​=1∕2)+23Na(f=1,mf​=1) are found to agree with previous measurements, leading to precise values of the singlet and triplet scattering lengths for the 6,7Li+23Na^{6,7}\mathrm{Li}+^{23}\mathrm{Na}6,7Li+23Na pairs. We also predict additional Feshbach resonances within experimentally attainable magnetic fields for other collision channels.
We have studied magnetic Feshbach resonances in an ultracold sample of Na prepared in the absolute hyperfine ground state. We report on the observation of three sss-, eight ddd-, and three ggg-wave Feshbach resonances, including a more precise determination of two known sss-wave resonances, and one sss-wave resonance at a magnetic field exceeding 200 mT. Using a coupled-channels calculation we have improved the sodium ground-state potentials by taking into account these new experimental data and derived values for the scattering lengths. In addition, a description of the molecular states leading to the Feshbach resonances in terms of the asymptotic-bound-state model is presented.
We have studied interspecies scattering in an ultracold mixture of 87{}^{87}87Rb and 133{}^{133}133Cs atoms, both in their lowest-energy spin states. The three-body loss signatures of 30 incoming sss- and ppp-wave magnetic Feshbach resonances over the range 0 to 667 G have been cataloged. Magnetic field modulation spectroscopy was used to observe molecular states bound by up to 2.5 $\text{MHz}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}h$. We have created RbCs Feshbach molecules using two of the resonances. Magnetic moment spectroscopy along the magnetoassociation pathway from 197 to 182 G gives results consistent with the observed and calculated dependence of the binding energy on magnetic field strength. We have set up a coupled-channel model of the interaction and have used direct least-squares fitting to refine its parameters to fit the experimental results from the Feshbach molecules, in addition to the Feshbach resonance positions and the spectroscopic results for deeply bound levels. The final model gives a good description of all the experimental results and predicts a large resonance near 790 G, which may be useful for tuning the interspecies scattering properties. Quantum numbers and vibrational wave functions from the model can also be used to choose optimal initial states of Feshbach molecules for their transfer to the rovibronic ground state using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage.