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arXiv:1210.1049 · Optics Letters

Experimental wavelength-division-multiplexed photon-pair distribution

Joe Ghalbouni, Imad H. Agha, Robert Frey, Eleni Diamanti, Isabelle Zaquine

Published Dec 21, 2012• 22 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We have experimentally implemented the distribution of photon pairs produced by spontaneous parametric downconversion through telecom dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing filters. Using the measured counts and coincidences between symmetric channels, we evaluate the maximum fringe visibility that can be obtained with polarization-entangled photons and compare different filter technologies.

DOI
10.1364/ol.38.000034

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We have experimentally implemented the distribution of photon pairs produced by spontaneous parametric downconversion through telecom dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing filters. Using the measured counts and coincidences between symmetric channels, we evaluate the maximum fringe visibility that can be obtained with polarization-entangled photons and compare different filter technologies.
We have demonstrated experimentally a nondegenerate polarization-entangled photon-pair distribution in a commercial telecom dense wave-division multiplexing device (DWDM) with eight channels. A promising point of this experiment is that an entangled photon pair is obtained via spontaneous parametric down conversion in a single type-II periodically poled KTiOPO4{}_{4}4​ crystal without postselection. Another promising advantage is that we can actively switch the distribution of the photon pair between different channel pairs in DWDM at will. There is no crosstalk between different channel pairs because of a limited emission bandwidth of the source. Maximum raw visibility of 97.8897.88%\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.86%97.88 obtained in a Bell-type interference experiment and a Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality SSS parameter of $2.63\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.08$ calculated prove high entanglement of our source. Our work is helpful for building quantum communication networks.
We experimentally demonstrate multi-user distribution of polarization entanglement using commercial telecom wavelength division demultiplexers. The entangled photon pairs are generated from a broadband source based on spontaneous parametric down conversion in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal using a double path setup employing a Michelson interferometer and active phase stabilisation. We test and compare demultiplexers based on various technologies and analyze the effect of their characteristics, such as losses and polarization dependence, on the quality of the distributed entanglement for three channel pairs of each demultiplexer. In all cases, we obtain a Bell inequality violation, whose value depends on the demultiplexer features. This demonstrates that entanglement can be distributed to at least three user pairs of a network from a single source. Additionally, we verify for the best demultiplexer that the violation is maintained when the pairs are distributed over a total channel attenuation corresponding to 20 km of optical fiber. These techniques are therefore suitable for resource-efficient practical implementations of entanglement-based quantum key distribution and other quantum communication network applications.
We present a theoretical model for the distribution of polarization-entangled photon-pairs produced via spontaneous parametric down-conversion within a local-area fiber network. This model allows an entanglement distributor who plays the role of a service provider to determine the photon-pair generation rate giving highest two-photon interference fringe visibility for any pair of users, when given user-specific parameters. Usefulness of this model is illustrated in an example and confirmed in an experiment, where polarization-entangled photon-pairs are distributed over 82 km and 132 km of dispersion-managed optical fiber. Experimentally observed visibilities and entanglement fidelities are in good agreement with theoretically predicted values.
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