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arXiv:1208.5117 · Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Asymmetric light transmission through a photonic crystal with relaxing Kerr nonlinearity

Denis V. Novitsky

Published Aug 1, 2012• 10 citations
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Abstract

The idea of asymmetric light transmission through a photonic crystal with relaxing Kerr nonlinearity is presented. This idea is based on the symmetry breaking due to the self-trapping of intensive pump pulse inside the structure. As a result, the asymmetric transmission of the secondary (probe) pulses through the perturbed photonic crystal can be observed. The cases of short and long (quasi-continuous) probe pulses are considered.

DOI
10.1209/0295-5075/99/44001

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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics•Nov 1, 2022•1 citation
The idea of asymmetric light transmission through a photonic crystal with relaxing Kerr nonlinearity is presented. This idea is based on the symmetry breaking due to the self-trapping of intensive pump pulse inside the structure. As a result, the asymmetric transmission of the secondary (probe) pulses through the perturbed photonic crystal can be observed. The cases of short and long (quasi-continuous) probe pulses are considered.
We theoretically study the effect of pulse trapping inside one-dimensional photonic crystal with relaxing cubic nonlinearity. We analyze dependence of light localization on pulse intensity and explain its physical mechanism as connected with the formation of a dynamical nonlinear cavity inside the structure. We search for the range of optimal values of parameters (relaxation time and pulse duration) and show that pulse trapping can be observed only for positive nonlinearity coefficients. We suppose that this effect can be useful for realization of optical memory and limiting.
We present an analytical model and numerical experiments to investigate the dynamic features of the transient Kerr effect (TKE) in an optical period, which is much shorter than the time scale in the case of a pulse pump as commonly proposed. It is found that under the influence of the TKE, the sum of transmission and reflection rate can be far below unity even for a nonlinear photonic crystal structure without any absorption or radiation loss. However, this does not contradict the energy conservation principle. The physical origin for this novel phenomenon is revealed.
A possible switching mechanism has been investigated for nonlinear photonic crystals doped with an ensemble of non-interacting three-level nanoparticles. In this scheme, an intense pump laser field is used to change the refractive index of the nonlinear photonic crystal while a weaker probe field monitors an absorption transition in the nanoparticles. In the absence of the strong laser field the system transmits the probe field when the resonance energy of the nanoparticles lies near the edge of the photonic band gap due to strong coupling between the photonic crystal and the nanoparticles. However, upon application of an intense pump laser field the system becomes absorbing due to a band edge frequency shift that arises due to a nonlinear Kerr effect which changes the refractive index of the crystal. It is anticipated that the optical switching mechanism described in this work can be used to make new types of photonic devices.