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arXiv:1207.3125 · Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Control of two-atom entanglement with two thermal fields in coupled cavities

Li-Tuo Shen, Zhen‐Biao Yang, Huai‐Zhi Wu, Xinyu Chen, Shi‐Biao Zheng

Published Aug 9, 2012• 17 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The dynamical evolution of a quantum system composed of two coupled cavities, each containing a two-level atom and a single-mode thermal field, is investigated under different conditions. The entanglement between the two atoms is controlled by the hopping strength and the detuning between the atomic transition and the cavities. We find that when the atomic transition is far off-resonant with both the eigenmodes of the coupled-cavity system, the maximally entangled state for the two atoms can be generated with the initial state in which one atom is in the ground state and the other is in the excited state. When both the two atoms are initially in the excited state, the entanglement exhibits periodical sudden birth and death. By choosing appropriate parameter values, the initial maximal entanglement of the two atoms can be frozen. The relation between the concurrence and the cooperative parameter is calculated.

DOI
10.1364/josab.29.002379

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The dynamical evolution of a quantum system composed of two coupled cavities, each containing a two-level atom and a single-mode thermal field, is investigated under different conditions. The entanglement between the two atoms is controlled by the hopping strength and the detuning between the atomic transition and the cavities. We find that when the atomic transition is far off-resonant with both the eigenmodes of the coupled-cavity system, the maximally entangled state for the two atoms can be generated with the initial state in which one atom is in the ground state and the other is in the excited state. When both the two atoms are initially in the excited state, the entanglement exhibits periodical sudden birth and death. By choosing appropriate parameter values, the initial maximal entanglement of the two atoms can be frozen. The relation between the concurrence and the cooperative parameter is calculated.
We investigate the dynamics of quantum correlations such as entanglement and quantum discord between two noninteracting atoms, each of which is trapped inside one of two coupled cavities. We find that the cavity decay can induce both entanglement and quantum discord between the two atoms when they are initially prepared in doubly excited state. The result shows the sudden death and sudden birth of entanglement and robustness of the quantum discord to sudden death. It is also found that the doubly excited state is responsible for the sudden death of entanglement. Moreover, the sudden death of entanglement can be controlled by the intercavity hopping rate.
Extending the double Jaynes–Cummings model to a more complicated case where the mode–mode competition is considered, we investigate the entanglement character of two isolated atoms by means of concurrence, and discuss the dependence of atom–atom entanglement on the different initial state and the relative coupling strength between the atom and the corresponding cavity field. The results show that the amplitude and the period of the atom–atom entanglement evolution can be controlled by the choice of initial state and relative coupling strength, respectively. We find that the phenomenon of entanglement sudden death (ESD) is sensitive to the initial conditions. The length of the time interval for zero entanglement depends not only on the initial degree of entanglement between two atoms but also on the relative coupling strength of atom–field interaction. The ESD effect can be weakened by enhancing the mode–mode competition between the three- and single-photon processes.
The dynamics of a system composed of two coupled cavities, each containing a single two-level atom, is studied over a wide range of detuning and coupling values. A description of the field in terms of delocalized modes reveals that the detuning between the atoms and these modes is controlled by the coupling between the cavities; this detuning in turn governs the nature of the dynamics. If the atoms are highly detuned from both delocalized field modes, the dynamics become dispersive and an excitation may be transferred from the first atom to the second without populating the field. In the case of resonance between the atoms and one of the delocalized modes, state transfer between the atoms requires intermediate excitation of the field. Thus, the interaction between the two atoms can be controlled by adjusting the coupling between the cavities.
We study the one-excitation dynamics of a coupled cavity system composed of three cavities, each containing a two-level atom. By adjusting the atom–cavity detuning Δ, cavity–cavity hopping rate v and the initial atomic excitation residential, a wide variety of time-evolution behaviors can be realized. Under certain conditions, the two-atom maximally entangled states and three-atom W states can be obtained. The results provide a theoretical basis for the manipulation of quantum states in such a system and will contribute to the understanding of more complex systems.
The problem of a controlled transfer of an entanglement initially encoded into two two-level atoms that are successively sent through two single-mode cavities is investigated. The atoms and the cavity modes form a four-qubit system and we demonstrate the conditions under which the initial entanglement encoded into the atoms can be completely transferred to other pairs of qubits. We find that in the case of non-zero detuning between the atomic transition frequencies and the cavity mode frequencies, no complete transfer of the initial entanglement is possible to any of the other pairs of qubits. In the case of exact resonance and equal coupling strengths of the atoms to the cavity modes, an initial maximally entangled state of the atoms can be completely transferred to the cavity modes. Complete transfer of the entanglement is restricted to the cavity modes, with transfer to the other pairs being limited to 50%. We find that complete transfer of an initial entanglement to other pairs of qubits may take place if the initial state is not the maximally entangled state and the atoms couple to the cavity modes with unequal strengths. Depending on the ratio between the coupling strengths, optimal entanglement can be created between the atoms and one of the cavity modes.
We study the dynamics of entanglement in a one-dimensional coupled-cavity array, with each cavity containing a two-level atom, via the Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard (JCH) Hamiltonian in the single-excitation sector. The model features a rich variety of dynamical regimes that can be harnessed for entanglement control. The protocol is based on setting an excited atom above the ground state and further letting it evolve following the natural dynamics of the Hamiltonian. Here we focus on the concurrence between pairs of atoms and its relation to atom-field correlations and the involved free-field modes. We show that the extension and distribution pattern of pairwise entanglement can be manipulated through a judicious tuning of the atom-cavity coupling strength. By also including static noise in the cavity frequencies, we explore the onset of Anderson localization and its interplay with the atomic trapping known to take place in the strong-hopping regime. Remarkably, we find that the stronger the disorder is, the higher are the atom-field correlations, whereas the atomic concurrence responds nonmonotonically. Overall, our work offers a comprehensive account of the machinery of the single-excitation JCH Hamiltonian and contributes to the design of hybrid light-matter quantum networks.