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arXiv:1203.5033 · Physical Review A

Coherent destruction of tunneling of two interacting bosons in a tight-binding lattice

Stefano Longhi, Giuseppe Della Valle

Published Oct 4, 2012• 23 citations
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Abstract

The dynamics of two correlated bosons hopping on a one-dimensional lattice and driven by a sinusoidal force is analytically investigated by means of a multiple-time-scale asymptotic analysis of the driven Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian. By assuming the ratio $\ensuremath{\epsilon}=J/\ensuremath{\omega}$ between the tunneling rate $J$ and modulation frequency $\ensuremath{\omega}$ of the driving field as a small parameter, the perturbative analysis shows that, under appropriate driving conditions, coherent destruction of tunneling can be simultaneously realized for both paired and unpaired states up to the long time scale $\ensuremath{\sim}$$1/(\ensuremath{\omega}{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}^{2})$ in the regime corresponding to an energy quantum $\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega}$ of the driving field of the same order of magnitude as the particle interaction energy $\ensuremath{\hbar}{U}_{0}$. The predictions of the perturbative analysis are confirmed by direct numerical simulations of the two-particle Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian and by direct quasienergy-band computation.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.86.042104

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The dynamics of two correlated bosons hopping on a one-dimensional lattice and driven by a sinusoidal force is analytically investigated by means of a multiple-time-scale asymptotic analysis of the driven Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian. By assuming the ratio \ensuremathϵ=J/\ensuremathω\ensuremath{\epsilon}=J/\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremathϵ=J/\ensuremathω between the tunneling rate JJJ and modulation frequency \ensuremathω\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremathω of the driving field as a small parameter, the perturbative analysis shows that, under appropriate driving conditions, coherent destruction of tunneling can be simultaneously realized for both paired and unpaired states up to the long time scale \ensuremath{\sim}$$1/(\ensuremath{\omega}{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}^{2}) in the regime corresponding to an energy quantum \ensuremathℏ\ensuremathω\ensuremath{\hbar}\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremathℏ\ensuremathω of the driving field of the same order of magnitude as the particle interaction energy \ensuremathℏU0\ensuremath{\hbar}{U}_{0}\ensuremathℏU0​. The predictions of the perturbative analysis are confirmed by direct numerical simulations of the two-particle Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian and by direct quasienergy-band computation.
In this study we have investigated the quantum tunneling of two repulsive bosons in a triple-well potential, subject to a high-frequency driving field. By means of the multiple-time-scale asymptotic analysis, we evidence a far-off-resonant strongly interacting regime in which the dominant tunneling of doublons (paired states) is a second-order process and the selected coherent destruction of tunneling occurs either between doublons or between unpaired states. Two Floquet quasienergy bands of both kinds of states are given analytically, where a fine structure up to the second-order corrections is displayed. The analytical results are confirmed numerically, based on the exact model, and may be particularly relevant to controlling correlated tunneling in experiments.
We investigate a one-dimensional Bose--Hubbard model in a parametrically driven global harmonic trap. The delicate interplay of both the local interaction of the atoms in the lattice and the driving of the global trap allows us to control the dynamical stability of the trapped quantum many-body state. The impact of the atomic interaction on the dynamical stability of the driven quantum many-body state is revealed in the regime of weak interaction by analyzing a discretized Gross--Pitaevskii equation within a Gaussian variational ansatz, yielding a Mathieu equation for the condensate width. The parametric resonance condition is shown to be modified by the atom interaction strength. In particular, the effective eigenfrequency is reduced for growing interaction in the mean-field regime. For a stronger interaction, the impact of the global parametric drive is determined by the numerically exact time-evolving block decimation scheme. When the trapped bosons in the lattice are in a Mott insulating state, the absorption of energy from the driving field is suppressed due to the strongly reduced local compressibility of the quantum many-body state. In particular, we find that the width of the local Mott region shows a breathing dynamics. Finally, we observe that the global modulation also induces an effective time-independent inhomogeneous hopping strength for the atoms.
We present analytical relations for the quantum evolution of the number difference of bosons between the two sites of a double-well potential, by using perturbative results for small tunneling amplitudes in the two-mode approximation. Results are obtained for two different initial conditions: completely localized states and coherent spin states. In the former case both the short and the long time behavior is investigated and the characteristic Bohr frequencies of the energy spectrum are determined. In the latter case we calculate the short time-scale evolution of the number difference. The analytical expressions compare favorably with direct numerical solutions of the quantum problem. Finally, we discuss the corresponding Gross-Pitaevskii (i.e., mean-field) dynamics and we point out the differences between the full quantum evolution and the mean-field evolution.
We study the tunneling dynamics in a time-periodically modulated two-mode Bose-Hubbard model using Floquet theory. We consider situations where the system is in the self-trapping regime and either the tunneling amplitude, the interaction strength, or the energy difference between the modes is modulated. In the former two cases, the tunneling is enhanced in a wide range of modulation frequencies, while in the latter case the resonance is narrow. We explain this difference with the help of Floquet analysis. If the modulation amplitude is weak, the locations of the resonances can be found using the spectrum of the nonmodulated Hamiltonian. Furthermore, we use Floquet analysis to explain the coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) occurring in a large-amplitude modulated system. Finally, we present two ways to create a NOON state (a superposition of NNN particles in mode 1 with zero particles in mode 2 and vice versa). One is based on a coherent oscillation caused by detuning from a partial CDT. The other makes use of an adiabatic variation of the modulation frequency. This results in a Landau-Zener type of transition between the ground state and a NOON-like state.
In a two-mode approximation, Bose–Einstein condensates (BEC) in a double-well potential can be described by a many particle Hamiltonian of Bose–Hubbard type. We focus on such a BEC whose interatomic interaction strength is modulated periodically by δ-kicks which represents a realization of a kicked top. In the (classical) mean-field approximation it provides a rich mixed phase space dynamics with regular and chaotic regions. By increasing the kick-strength a bifurcation leads to the appearance of self-trapping states localized on regular islands. This self-trapping is also found for the many particle system, however, in general suppressed by coherent many particle tunneling oscillations. The tunneling time can be calculated from the quasi-energy splitting of the corresponding Floquet states. By varying the kick-strength these quasi-energy levels undergo both avoided and even actual crossings. Therefore, stimulation or complete destruction of tunneling can be observed for this many particle system.
The coherent dynamics of two strongly interacting electrons hopping on a one-dimensional lattice and driven by combined dc-ac fields is theoretically investigated in the framework of the Hubbard model. It is shown that, under appropriate forcing conditions in the strong-field regime, super-Bloch oscillations (SBOs) can be observed for the bound particle state, but not for unpaired electrons that remain frozen in the lattice. As compared to single-particle SBOs, SBOs of correlated particles are generally quasiperiodic.