We investigate the non-Markovian characteristics in continuous measurement of a charge qubit by a quantum point contact. The backflow of information from the reservoir to the system in the non-Markovian domain gives rise to strikingly different qubit relaxation and dephasing in comparison with the Markovian case. The intriguing non-Markovian dynamics is found to have a direct impact on the output noise feature of the detector. Unambiguously, we observe that the non-Markovian memory effect results in an enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio, which can even exceed the upper limit of “4,” leading thus to the violation of the Korotkov-Averin bound in quantum measurement. Our study thus may open new possibilities to improve detector's measurement efficiency in a direct and transparent way.
We investigate the non-Markovian characteristics in continuous measurement of a charge qubit by a quantum point contact. The backflow of information from the reservoir to the system in the non-Markovian domain gives rise to strikingly different qubit relaxation and dephasing in comparison with the Markovian case. The intriguing non-Markovian dynamics is found to have a direct impact on the output noise feature of the detector. Unambiguously, we observe that the non-Markovian memory effect results in an enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio, which can even exceed the upper limit of “4,” leading thus to the violation of the Korotkov-Averin bound in quantum measurement. Our study thus may open new possibilities to improve detector's measurement efficiency in a direct and transparent way.
We propose to continuously monitor a charge qubit by utilizing a T-shaped double quantum dot detector, in which the qubit and double dot are arranged in such a unique way that the detector turns out to be particularly susceptible to the charge states of the qubit. Special attention is paid to the regime where acquisition of qubit information and backaction upon the measured system exhibit nontrivial correlation. The intrinsic dynamics of the qubit gives rise to dynamical blockade of tunneling events through the detector, resulting in a super-Poissonian noise. However, such a pronounced enhancement of the detector's shot noise does not necessarily produce a rising dephasing rate. In contrast, an inhibition of dephasing is entailed by the reduction of information acquisition in the dynamically blockaded regimes. We further reveal the important impact of the charge fluctuations on the measurement characteristics. Noticeably, under the condition of symmetric junction capacitances the noise pedestal of the circuit current is completely suppressed, leading to a divergent signal-to-noise ratio, and eventually to a violation of the Korotkov-Averin bound in quantum measurement. Our study offers the possibility for a double dot detector to reach the quantum limited effectiveness in a transparent manner.
We present a new model for the continuous measurement of a coupled quantum dot charge qubit. We model the effects of a realistic measurement, namely adding noise to, and filtering, the current through the detector. This is achieved by embedding the detector in an equivalent circuit for measurement. Our aim is to describe the evolution of the qubit state conditioned on the macroscopic output of the external circuit. We achieve this by generalizing a recently developed quantum trajectory theory for realistic photodetectors [P. Warszawski, H. M. Wiseman, and H. Mabuchi, Phys. Rev. A 65, 023802 (2002)] to treat solid-state detectors. This yields stochastic equations whose (numerical) solutions are the ``realistic quantum trajectories'' of the conditioned qubit state. We derive our general theory in the context of a low transparency quantum point contact. Areas of application for our theory and its relation to previous work are discussed.
ABSTRACT Quantum dynamics simulation on analog quantum simulators and digital quantum computers has emerged as a powerful and promising tool for understanding complex non‐equilibrium physics. However, the impact of quantum noise on quantum dynamics simulation, particularly non‐Markovian noise with memory effects, has remained elusive. In this work, we discover unexpected benefits of non‐Markovianity of quantum noise in quantum dynamics simulation. We demonstrate that non‐Markovian noise with memory effects and temporal correlations can significantly improve the accuracy of quantum dynamics simulation on quantum computers compared to the Markovian noise of the same strength. Through theoretical analysis and extensive numerical experiments, we showcase the positive effects and nontrivial physics induced by non‐Markovian noise in various dynamics simulation scenarios, including decoherence dynamics of idle qubits, intriguing non‐equilibrium dynamics observed in symmetry protected topological phases and many‐body localization phases. Our findings shed light on the importance of considering non‐Markovianity in quantum simulation and open up new avenues for investigating quantum phenomena and designing more efficient and robust quantum technologies.
We analyze the dynamics of a continuously observed, damped, microwave-driven solid state charge qubit, consisting of a single electron in a double well potential. The microwave field induces transitions between the qubit eigenstates, which have a profound effect on the detector output current. Useful information about the qubit dynamics, such as dephasing and relaxation rates, and the Rabi frequency, can be extracted from the detector conductance and output noise power spectrum. We also propose a technique for single-shot electron spin readout, for spin based quantum information processing, which has a number of practical advantages over existing schemes.
This Thesis discusses the phenomenology of the dynamics of open quantum systems marked by non-Markovian memory effects. Non-Markovian open quantum systems are the focal point of a flurry of recent research aiming to answer, e.g., the following questions: What is the characteristic trait of non-Markovian dynamical processes that discriminates it from forgetful Markovian dynamics? What is the microscopic origin of memory in quantum dynamics, and how can it be controlled? Does the existence of memory effects open new avenues and enable accomplishments that cannot be achieved with Markovian processes? These questions are addressed in the publications forming the core of this Thesis with case studies of both prototypical and more exotic models of open quantum systems. In the first part of the Thesis several ways of characterizing and quantifying non-Markovian phenomena are introduced. Their differences are then explored using a driven, dissipative qubit model. The second part of the Thesis focuses on the dynamics of a purely dephasing qubit model, which is used to unveil the origin of non-Markovianity for a wide class of dynamical models. The emergence of memory is shown to be strongly intertwined with the structure of the spectral density function, as further demonstrated in a physical realization of the dephasing model using ultracold quantum gases. Finally, as an application of memory effects, it is shown that non- Markovian dynamical processes facilitate a novel phenomenon of timeinvariant discord, where the total quantum correlations of a system are frozen to their initial value. Non-Markovianity can also be exploited in the detection of phase transitions using quantum information probes, as shown using the physically interesting models of the Ising chain in a transverse field and a Coulomb chain undergoing a structural phase transition.
Abstract We study the effect of non-Markovianity in the charging process of an open-system quantum battery. We employ a collisional model framework, where the environment is described by a discrete set of ancillary systems and memory effects in the dynamics can be introduced by allowing these ancillas to interact. We study in detail the behaviour of the steady-state ergotropy and the impact of the information backflow to the system on the different features characterizing the charging process. Remarkably, we find that there is a maximum value of the ergotropy achievable: this value can be obtained either in the presence of memoryless environment, but only in the large-loss limit, as derived in (Farina et al 2019 Phys. Rev. B 99 035421), or in the presence of an environment with memory also beyond the large-loss limit. In general, we show that the presence of an environment with memory allows us to generate steady-state ergotropy near to its maximum value for a much larger region in the parameter space and thus potentially in a shorter time. Relying on the geometrical measure of non-Markovianity, we show that in both the cases of an environment with and without memory the ergotropy maximum is obtained when the non-Markovianity of the dynamics of the battery is zero, possibly as the result of a non-trivial interplay between the memory effects induced by, respectively, the environment and the charger connected to the battery.