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arXiv:1202.5787 · Physical Review A

Macroscopic quantum superpositon states of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Gábor Csire, Barnabás Apagyi

Published Mar 12, 2012• 4 citations
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Abstract

We examine a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well potential. We propose a model for the creation of many-particle macroscopic quantum superposition states. The effect of dissipation on the formation of these states is also investigated with the Monte Carlo wave-function technique.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.85.033613

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Quantum superpositions of macroscopically distinguishable states having distinct phases can be created with a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a periodic potential. The experimental signature is contained in the phase distribution of the interference patterns obtained after releasing the traps. Moreover, in the double-well case, this distribution exhibits a dramatic dependence on the parity of the total number of atoms. We finally show that, for single-well occupations up to a few hundred atoms, the macroscopic quantum superposition can be robust enough against decoherence to be experimentally revealable within current technology.
For a Bose condensate in a double-well potential or with two Josephson-coupled internal states, the condensate wavefunction is a superposition. Here we consider coupling two such Bose condensates, and suggest the existence of a joint condensate wavefunction, which is in general a superposition of all products of the bases condensate wavefunctions of the two condensates. The corresponding many-body state is a product of such superposed wavefunctions, with appropriate symmetrization. These states may be potentially useful for quantum computation. There may be robustness and stability due to macroscopic occupation of a same single particle state. The nonlinearity of the condensate wavefunction due to particle–particle interaction may be utilized to realize nonlinear quantum computation, which was suggested to be capable of solving NP-complete problems.