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arXiv:1201.1509 · Physical Review B

Optimal pumping of orbital entanglement with single-particle emitters

Yu. B. Sherkunov, N. d’Ambrumenil, Peter Samuelsson, Μ. Büttiker

Published Feb 27, 2012• 27 citations
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Abstract

We propose a method for the optimal time-controlled generation of entangled itinerant particles, using on-demand sources in a conductor in the quantum Hall regime. This entanglement pump is realized by applying periodic, tailored voltage pulses to pairs of quantum dots or quantum point contacts. We show that the pump can produce orbital Bell pairs of both electrons and holes at the optimal rate of half a pair per pumping cycle. The entanglement can be detected by a violation of a Bell inequality formulated in terms of low-frequency current cross correlations.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.85.081108

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We propose a method for the optimal time-controlled generation of entangled itinerant particles, using on-demand sources in a conductor in the quantum Hall regime. This entanglement pump is realized by applying periodic, tailored voltage pulses to pairs of quantum dots or quantum point contacts. We show that the pump can produce orbital Bell pairs of both electrons and holes at the optimal rate of half a pair per pumping cycle. The entanglement can be detected by a violation of a Bell inequality formulated in terms of low-frequency current cross correlations.
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We propose a spin-independent scheme to generate and detect two-particle entanglement in a mesoscopic normal-superconductor system. A superconductor, weakly coupled to the normal conductor, generates an orbitally entangled state by injecting pairs of electrons into different leads of the normal conductor. The entanglement is detected via violation of a Bell inequality, formulated in terms of zero-frequency current cross correlators. It is shown that the Bell inequality can be violated for arbitrary strong dephasing in the normal conductor.
Recent experiments have demonstrated subdecoherence time control of individual single-electron orbital qubits. Here we propose a quantum-dot-based scheme for generation and detection of pairs of orbitally entangled electrons on a time scale much shorter than the decoherence time. The electrons are entangled, via two-particle interference, and transferred to the detectors during a single cotunneling event, making the scheme insensitive to charge noise. For sufficiently long detector dot lifetimes, cross-correlation detection of the dot charges can be performed with real-time counting techniques, providing for an unambiguous short-time Bell inequality test of orbital entanglement.
We propose a source of purely electronic energy-entangled states implemented in a solid-state system with potential applications in quantum information protocols based on electrons. The proposed device relies on the standard tools of electron quantum optics and exploits entanglement of the Cooper pairs of a BCS superconductor. The latter is coupled via an adjustable quantum point contact to two opposite spin-polarized electron wave-guides, which are driven by trains of Lorentzian pulses. This specific choice for the drive is crucial to inject purely electronic entangled states devoid of spurious electron–hole pairs. In the Andreev regime, a perturbative calculation in the tunnel coupling confirms that entangled electrons states are generated at the output of the normal side. For arbitrary tunnel coupling and for a periodic drive, direct current and noise (auto and cross correlations) are computed numerically using a Keldysh–Nambu–Floquet formalism. Importantly, for a periodic drive, the production of these states can be controlled in time, thus implementing an on-demand source of entangled states. We exploit realistic experimental parameters for our device to identify its optimal functioning point.