Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1112.4028 · Physical Review A

Penetration of a vortex dipole across an interface of Bose-Einstein condensates

Tomohiko Aioi, Tsuyoshi Kadokura, Hiroki Saito

Published Feb 14, 2012• 17 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The dynamics of a vortex dipole in a quasi-two-dimensional two-component Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated. A vortex dipole is shown to penetrate the interface between the two components when the incident velocity is sufficiently large. A vortex dipole can also disappear or disintegrate at the interface, depending on its velocity and the interaction parameters.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.85.023618

Related papers

Dynamics of a vortex dipole across a magnetic phase boundary in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate

Tomoya Kaneda, Hiroki Saito

The dynamics of a vortex dipole in a spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate in which magnetic phases are spatially distributed is investigated. When a vortex dipole travels from the ferromagnetic phase to the polar phase, or vice versa, it penetrates the phase boundary and transforms into one of the various spin vortex dipoles, such as a leapfrogging ferromagnetic-core vortex dipole and a half-quantum vortex dipole. Topological connections of spin wave functions across the phase boundary are discussed.

arXiv:1410.0743•Physical Review A•Nov 26, 2014•15 citations

Collision of parallel vortex dipoles in a Bose–Einstein condensate

Guoquan Yang, Suying Zhang, Jingjing Jin

Abstract Understanding how two vortex dipoles interact with each other microscopically is helpful for understanding the dynamics of quantum turbulence in a two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC). We investigate the collision of two vortex dipoles propagating in opposite directions along parallel lines by numerically solving the two-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation. By varying the impact parameter, we identify three general dynamical modes of the vortex dipoles in a homogeneous BEC, which are the vortex recombination mode, the encircling mode and the flyby mode. The existence of these three modes has been corroborated by numerical computations of the ordinary differential equations describing the vortex interactions. Furthermore, we show the corresponding parameter ranges for these modes.

Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Jan 9, 2019•3 citations

Snell's Law for a vortex dipole in a Bose-Einstein condensate

Michael MacCormick Cawte, Xiaoquan Yu, Brian P. Anderson +1 more

A quantum vortex dipole, comprised of a closely bound pair of vortices of equal strength with opposite circulation, is a spatially localized travelling excitation of a planar superfluid that carries linear momentum, suggesting a possible analogy with ray optics. We investigate numerically and analytically the motion of a quantum vortex dipole incident upon a step-change in the background superfluid density of an otherwise uniform two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. Due to the conservation of fluid momentum and energy, the incident and refracted angles of the dipole satisfy a relation analogous to Snell’s law, when crossing the interface between regions of different density. The predictions of the analogue Snell’s law relation are confirmed for a wide range of incident angles by systematic numerical simulations of the Gross-Piteavskii equation. Near the critical angle for total internal reflection, we identify a regime of anomalous Snell’s law behaviour where the finite size of the dipole causes transient capture by the interface. Remarkably, despite the extra complexity of the interface interaction, the incoming and outgoing dipole paths obey Snell’s law.

arXiv:1811.02110•SciPost Physics•Mar 13, 2019•11 citations

Short-range intervortex interaction and interacting dynamics of half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates

Kenichi Kasamatsu, Minoru Eto, Muneto Nitta

We study the interaction and dynamics of two half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates. Using the Pad\'e approximation for the vortex core profile, we calculate the intervortex potential, whose asymptotic form for a large distance has been derived by Eto et al. [Phys. Rev. A 83, 063603 (2011)]. Through numerical simulations of the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equations, we reveal different kinds of dynamical trajectories of the vortices depending on the combinations of signs of circulations and the intercomponent density coupling. Under the adiabatic limit, we derive the equations of motion for the vortex coordinates, in which the motion is caused by the balance between Magnus force and the intervortex forces. The initial velocity of the vortex motion can be explained quantitatively by this point vortex approximation, but understanding the long-time behavior of the dynamics needs more consideration beyond our model.

arXiv:1510.00139•Physical Review A•Jan 19, 2016•48 citations

Interfacial Dynamics of a Dark Soliton in a Two-Dimensional Phase-Separated Bose-Einstein Condensate

Chan Ye, Chen Jiao, Qi Wang +1 more

Abstract We numerically investigate the collision dynamics of a dark soliton with a domain wall in an immiscible, two-component Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a quasi-two-dimensional harmonic trap. The role of the inter-species interaction strength $\delta = g_{12}/g_{11}$ and the soliton's initial displacement $\Delta_x$ is investigated thoroughly. Our results reveal a clear bifurcation into two distinct dynamical regimes: a $penetration regime$, where the soliton decays into vortex pairs that cross the interface, and a $non-penetration regime$, where the soliton's energy is dissipated at the interface through sound emission and vortex annihilation. We present a phase diagram that maps these outcomes across the $(\delta, \Delta_x)$ parameter space. Furthermore, within the non-penetration regime, we identify a complex excited state characterized by the combination of component breakup in one component and vortex formation in the other. This work provides the systematic study of dark soliton-domain wall interactions in a 2D phase-separated binary BEC, offering new insights into interfacial dynamics and non-equilibrium transport in multi-component quantum fluids.

Chinese Physics B•Jan 14, 2026•0 citations

Vortex dynamics of rotating dipolar Bose–Einstein condensates

R. Kishor Kumar, Paulsamy Muruganandam

We study the influence of dipole–dipole interaction on the formation of vortices in a rotating dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) of 52 Cr and 164 Dy atoms in quasi two-dimensional geometry. By numerically solving the corresponding time-dependent mean-field Gross–Pitaevskii equation, we show that the dipolar interaction enhances the number of vortices, while a repulsive contact interaction increases the stability of the vortices. Furthermore, an ordered vortex lattice of a relatively large number of vortices is found in a strongly dipolar BEC.

arXiv:1208.6227•Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical Physics•Sep 27, 2012•26 citations
The dynamics of a vortex dipole in a quasi-two-dimensional two-component Bose-Einstein condensate is investigated. A vortex dipole is shown to penetrate the interface between the two components when the incident velocity is sufficiently large. A vortex dipole can also disappear or disintegrate at the interface, depending on its velocity and the interaction parameters.
Abstract Understanding how two vortex dipoles interact with each other microscopically is helpful for understanding the dynamics of quantum turbulence in a two-dimensional Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC). We investigate the collision of two vortex dipoles propagating in opposite directions along parallel lines by numerically solving the two-dimensional Gross–Pitaevskii equation. By varying the impact parameter, we identify three general dynamical modes of the vortex dipoles in a homogeneous BEC, which are the vortex recombination mode, the encircling mode and the flyby mode. The existence of these three modes has been corroborated by numerical computations of the ordinary differential equations describing the vortex interactions. Furthermore, we show the corresponding parameter ranges for these modes.
A quantum vortex dipole, comprised of a closely bound pair of vortices of equal strength with opposite circulation, is a spatially localized travelling excitation of a planar superfluid that carries linear momentum, suggesting a possible analogy with ray optics. We investigate numerically and analytically the motion of a quantum vortex dipole incident upon a step-change in the background superfluid density of an otherwise uniform two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. Due to the conservation of fluid momentum and energy, the incident and refracted angles of the dipole satisfy a relation analogous to Snell’s law, when crossing the interface between regions of different density. The predictions of the analogue Snell’s law relation are confirmed for a wide range of incident angles by systematic numerical simulations of the Gross-Piteavskii equation. Near the critical angle for total internal reflection, we identify a regime of anomalous Snell’s law behaviour where the finite size of the dipole causes transient capture by the interface. Remarkably, despite the extra complexity of the interface interaction, the incoming and outgoing dipole paths obey Snell’s law.
We study the interaction and dynamics of two half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates. Using the Pad\'e approximation for the vortex core profile, we calculate the intervortex potential, whose asymptotic form for a large distance has been derived by Eto et al. [Phys. Rev. A 83, 063603 (2011)]. Through numerical simulations of the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equations, we reveal different kinds of dynamical trajectories of the vortices depending on the combinations of signs of circulations and the intercomponent density coupling. Under the adiabatic limit, we derive the equations of motion for the vortex coordinates, in which the motion is caused by the balance between Magnus force and the intervortex forces. The initial velocity of the vortex motion can be explained quantitatively by this point vortex approximation, but understanding the long-time behavior of the dynamics needs more consideration beyond our model.
Abstract We numerically investigate the collision dynamics of a dark soliton with a domain wall in an immiscible, two-component Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a quasi-two-dimensional harmonic trap. The role of the inter-species interaction strength δ=g12/g11\delta = g_{12}/g_{11}δ=g12​/g11​ and the soliton's initial displacement Δx\Delta_xΔx​ is investigated thoroughly. Our results reveal a clear bifurcation into two distinct dynamical regimes: a penetrationregimepenetration regimepenetrationregime, where the soliton decays into vortex pairs that cross the interface, and a non−penetrationregimenon-penetration regimenon−penetrationregime, where the soliton's energy is dissipated at the interface through sound emission and vortex annihilation. We present a phase diagram that maps these outcomes across the (δ,Δx)(\delta, \Delta_x)(δ,Δx​) parameter space. Furthermore, within the non-penetration regime, we identify a complex excited state characterized by the combination of component breakup in one component and vortex formation in the other. This work provides the systematic study of dark soliton-domain wall interactions in a 2D phase-separated binary BEC, offering new insights into interfacial dynamics and non-equilibrium transport in multi-component quantum fluids.
We study the influence of dipole–dipole interaction on the formation of vortices in a rotating dipolar Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) of 52 Cr and 164 Dy atoms in quasi two-dimensional geometry. By numerically solving the corresponding time-dependent mean-field Gross–Pitaevskii equation, we show that the dipolar interaction enhances the number of vortices, while a repulsive contact interaction increases the stability of the vortices. Furthermore, an ordered vortex lattice of a relatively large number of vortices is found in a strongly dipolar BEC.