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arXiv:1110.6718 · Physical Review A

Dissipative preparation of entangled states between two spatially separated nitrogen-vacancy centers

Fuli Li, Shaoyan Gao, Hongrong Li, Sheng-li Ma, Fuli Li

Published Apr 6, 2012• 67 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We present an efficient scheme for the generation of entangled states of two spatially separated nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers with two whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators, which are coupled either by an optical fiber-taper waveguide or by the evanescent fields of the WGM. We show that the steady state of the two NV centers can be steered into a singletlike state through a dissipative quantum dynamical process, where the cavity decay plays a positive role and can help drive the system to the target state. The protocol may open up promising perspectives for quantum communication and computation with this solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamic system.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.85.042306

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We present an efficient scheme for the generation of entangled states of two spatially separated nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers with two whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators, which are coupled either by an optical fiber-taper waveguide or by the evanescent fields of the WGM. We show that the steady state of the two NV centers can be steered into a singletlike state through a dissipative quantum dynamical process, where the cavity decay plays a positive role and can help drive the system to the target state. The protocol may open up promising perspectives for quantum communication and computation with this solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamic system.
A dissipation-based scheme is proposed to prepare the steady entangled state of two spatially separated nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers fixed on the exterior surface of two microtoroidal resonators coupled by a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) field. The effective operator method is used to get an effective master equation which simplifies the systematic dynamics into ground-state subspace. Based on the effective dynamics, the parameter condition to use the NV center's spontaneous emission and that to use the resonator's photon loss as resources to prepare entanglement are achieved. Interestingly, we find that these two conditions are almost the same. To some extent, these two dissipative factors are no longer detrimental, but can be used simultaneously as powerful resources to prepare the steady entangled state, which forms a sharp contrast with most of the currently schemes utilizing one dissipative factor. On the other hand, the different forms of the steady entangled state are achievable via modulating systematic parameters. The scheme is independent of initial states and does not require precise time control. Numerical results show that high fidelity and purity can be obtained and the scheme is robust against small parameter deviations.
We theoretically investigate a cavity quantum electrodynamics system in which a high-QQQ whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonator interacts with multiple diamond nanocrystals each containing a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center. With a tapered fiber waveguide coupling the WGMs, the transmission spectrum of the system exhibits a twofold-splitting phenomenon, where the first fold of splitting originates from the nanocrystals' Rayleigh scattering and the second fold stems from the NV center dipole coupling with the WGMs. The interacting system can serve as a platform to generate quantum entanglement between two NV centers embedded in distant diamond nanocrystals. Our further study reveals that the Rayleigh scattering of the nanocrystals plays a positive role in generating entanglement in some cases. The analytical results show that the relatively strong scattering leads to a larger concurrence for the fixed dipole-cavity detunings. This investigation may hold potential for solid-state quantum information processing applications.
We propose an efficient scheme for the realization of quantum information transfer and entanglement with nitrogen-vacancy (N-VVV) centers coupled to a high-QQQ whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microresonator. We show that based on the effective dipole-dipole interaction between the N-VVV centers mediated by the WGM, quantum information can be transferred between the N-VVV centers through Raman transitions combined with laser fields. This protocol may open up promising possibilities for quantum communications with the solid-state quantum electrodynamic cavity system.
We investigate the entanglement generation between two nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond nanocrystal coupled to a high-Q counterpropagating twin whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) of a microtoroidal resonator. For looking into the degree and dynamics of the entanglement, we calculate the concurrence using the microscopic master equation approach. The influences of the coupling strength between the WGMs (or the size of the two spherical NV centers), the distance between two NV centers, the frequency detuning between the NV center and microresonator, and the initial state of the system on the dynamics of concurrence are discussed in detail. It is found that the maximum entanglement between the two NV centers can be created by properly adjusting these controllable system parameters. Our results may provide further insight into future solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) system for quantum information engineering.
We propose a dissipative scheme to prepare maximally entangled steady states in cavity QED setup, consisting of two two-level atoms interacting with the two counter-propagating whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) of a microtoroidal resonator. Using spontaneous emission and cavity decay as the dissipative quantum dynamical source, we show that the steady state of this system can be steered into a two-atom single state as well as into a two-mode single state. We probed the compound system with weak field coupled to the system via a tapered fiber waveguide, finding it is possible to determine whether the two atoms or two modes are driven to a maximally entangled state. Through the transmission and reflection measurements, without disturbing the atomic state, when the cavity modes are being driven, or without disturbing the cavity field state, when a single atom being driven, one can get the information about the maximal entanglement. We also investigated for both subsystem, two-atom and two-mode states, the entanglement generation and under what conditions one can transfer entanglement from one subsystem to the other. Our scheme can be selectively used to prepare both maximally entangled atomic state as well as maximally entangled cavity-modes state, providing an efficient method for quantum information processing.
We present a quantum electrodynamical model involving nitrogen-vacancy centers coupled to a whispering-gallery mode cavity. We consider two schemes to create the W state and Bell state, respectively. One scheme makes use of Raman transition with the cavity field virtually excited, and the other enables Bell state preparation and quantum information transfer by virtue of dark state evolution and adiabatic passage, which is tolerant to ambient noise and experimental parameter fluctuations. We justify our schemes by considering their experimental feasibility and challenge, using the currently available technology.