Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1110.4813 · Journal of Physics Conference Series

Multi-photon Rabi oscillations in high spin paramagnetic impurity

Sylvain Bertaina, N Groll, L Chen, I. Chiorescu

Published Oct 21, 2011• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We report on multiple photon monochromatic quantum oscillations (Rabi oscillations) observed by pulsed EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) of Mn$^{2+}$ (S=5/2) impurities in MgO. We find that when the microwave magnetic field is similar or large than the anisotropy splitting, the Rabi oscillations have a spectrum made of many frequencies not predicted by the S=1/2 Rabi model. We show that these new frequencies come from multiple photon coherent manipulation of the multi-level spin impurity. We develop a model based on the crystal field theory and the rotating frame approximation, describing the observed phenomenon with a very good agreement.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/324/1/012008

Related papers

Tunable multiphoton Rabi oscillations in an electronic spin system

Sylvain Bertaina, Nickolas Groll, L. Chen +1 more

We report on multiphoton Rabi oscillations and controlled tuning of a multilevel system at room temperature ($S=5/2$ for Mn${}^{2+}$:MgO) in and out of a quasiharmonic level configuration. The anisotropy is much smaller than the Zeeman splittings, e.g., the six-level scheme shows only a small deviation from an equidistant diagram. This allows us to tune the spin dynamics by compensating for the cubic anisotropy with either a precise static-field orientation or a microwave field intensity. Using the rotating-frame approximation, the experiments are explained very well by both an analytical model and a generalized numerical model. The calculated multiphoton Rabi frequencies are in excellent agreement with the experimental data.

arXiv:1106.3365•Physical Review B•Oct 20, 2011•9 citations

Coherent spin manipulations in Yb 3 + : CaWO 4 at X - and W -band EPR frequencies

R. M. Rakhmatullin, I. N. Kurkin, Georgy Vladimirovich Mamin +7 more

Coherent spin dynamics of impurity ${\text{Yb}}^{3+}$ ions in the ${\text{CaWO}}_{4}$ single crystal has been studied using $X$- and $W$-band EPR. Rabi oscillations of the sample magnetization with damping times comparable to their period, driven by pulses of the microwave field with duration up to $5\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\text{s}$, were observed. The largest value of the single-qubit figure of merit $(\ensuremath{\sim}6400)$ is obtained for the high-field component in the $^{171}\text{Y}\text{b}$ $X$-band EPR spectrum. The spin-lattice relaxation time of the ${\text{Yb}}^{3+}$ ions shortens with the increasing resonance frequency while the phase memory time, in contrast, grows noticeably. Variations of the phase memory times are interpreted in terms of spectral and instantaneous diffusions. The increase of the coherence time at the $W$ band can be used for the application of rare-earth ions as qubits in quantum computing as it has been proposed recently.

Physical Review B•May 20, 2009•30 citations

Multiphoton Coherent Manipulation in Large-Spin Qubits

Sylvain Bertaina, L. Chen, Nickolas Groll +3 more

Large-spin Mn2+ ions (S=5/2) diluted in a nonmagnetic MgO matrix of high crystalline symmetry are used to realize a six-level system that can be operated by means of multiphoton coherent Rabi oscillations. This spin system has a very small anisotropy which can be tuned in situ to reversibly transform the system between harmonic and nonharmonic level configurations. Decoherence effects are strongly suppressed as a result of the quasi-isotropic electron interaction with the crystal field and with the 55Mn nuclear spins. These results suggest new ways of manipulating, reading, and resetting spin quantum states which can be applied to encode a qubit across several quantum levels.

arXiv:0812.4534•Physical Review Letters•Feb 3, 2009•55 citations

Bloch-Siegert shift in the Rabi oscillations on the "dressed" electron spin states

Ryhor Fedaruk, Agnieszka Kolasa, A. P. Saǐko

Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) at Rabi frequencies, we study the Bloch-Siegert effect in the coherent dynamics of electron spin states driven by a bichromatic radiation consisting of a transverse microwave (MW) and longitudinal radio frequency (RF) fields. The Rabi oscillations on the electron spin states dressed by the MW field are observed at the double resonance, when the MW frequency equals the Larmor frequency of the spin system and the frequency ωrf of the RF field is close to the Rabi frequency ω1 in the MW field. The dispersive (|ωrf - ω1| ~ ωrf, ω1) and near-resonant (ωrf ≈ ω1) regimes are investigated. We demonstrate that the Bloch-Siegert shift increases with increas- ing RF amplitude and at the fixed RF amplitude it has the largest values in the low-frequency (ωrf < ω1) range of the dispersive regime. Experimental results were obtained in the time-resolved EPR for E' centres in quartz.

Nukleonika•Jan 1, 2013•0 citations

Coherent spin dynamics in a gadolinium-doped CaWO4 crystal

E. I. Baibekov, Marat Revgerovich Gafurov, Д. Г. Зверев +4 more

We report the first observation of Rabi oscillations in the spin-7/2 ensemble of trivalent gadolinium ions hosted in $\mathrm{CaW}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ single crystal. A number of transitions within the lowest electronic multiplet ${}^{8}{S}_{7/\phantom{72}\phantom{\rule{0.0pt}{0ex}}2}$ of $\mathrm{G}{\mathrm{d}}^{3+}$ ion are studied using a combination of continuous-wave and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The corresponding Rabi damping curves and the spin coherence times are detected at varying strengths of the microwave field. These data are well reproduced by a theoretical model which accounts for the intrinsic inhomogeneity of the microwave field within the microwave resonator and the magnetic dipole interactions in the diluted spin ensemble. The results indicate that the studied 8-level ground manifold of $\mathrm{G}{\mathrm{d}}^{3+}$ ion can represent an effective three-qubit quantum system.

arXiv:1610.04737•Physical review. B./Physical review. B•Feb 24, 2017•29 citations

Effect of the Bloch-Siegert Shift on the Frequency Responses of Rabi Oscillations in the Case of Nutation Resonance

A. P. Saǐko, Fedoruk, G. G.

The dynamics of a two-level spin system dressed by bichromatic radiation is studied under the conditions of double resonance when the frequency of one (microwave) field is equal to the Larmor frequency of the spin system and the frequency of the other (radio-frequency) field ω_{rf} is close to the Rabi frequency ω_{1} in a micro-wave field. It is shown theoretically that Rabi oscillations between dressed-spin states with the frequency εare accompanied by higher-frequency oscillations at frequencies nω_{rf} and nω_{rf}\pm ε, where n = 1, 2, .... The most intense among these are the signals corresponding to n = 1. The counter-rotating (antiresonance) components of the RF field give rise to a shift of the dressed-state energy, i.e., to a frequency shift similar to the Bloch-Siegert shift. In particular, this shift is manifested as the dependence of the Rabi-oscillation frequency εon the sign of the detuning ω{1} -ω{rf} from resonance. In the case of double resonance, the oscillation amplitude is asymmetric; i.e., the amplitude at the sum frequency ω_{rf} +εincreases, while the amplitude at the difference frequency ω_{rf} -εdecreases. The predicted effects are confirmed by observations of the nutation signals of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of centers in quartz and should be taken into account to realize qubits with a low Rabi frequency in solids.

arXiv:0806.0534•Jun 3, 2008•0 citations
We report on multiple photon monochromatic quantum oscillations (Rabi oscillations) observed by pulsed EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) of Mn2+^{2+}2+ (S=5/2) impurities in MgO. We find that when the microwave magnetic field is similar or large than the anisotropy splitting, the Rabi oscillations have a spectrum made of many frequencies not predicted by the S=1/2 Rabi model. We show that these new frequencies come from multiple photon coherent manipulation of the multi-level spin impurity. We develop a model based on the crystal field theory and the rotating frame approximation, describing the observed phenomenon with a very good agreement.
We report on multiphoton Rabi oscillations and controlled tuning of a multilevel system at room temperature (S=5/2S=5/2S=5/2 for Mn2+{}^{2+}2+:MgO) in and out of a quasiharmonic level configuration. The anisotropy is much smaller than the Zeeman splittings, e.g., the six-level scheme shows only a small deviation from an equidistant diagram. This allows us to tune the spin dynamics by compensating for the cubic anisotropy with either a precise static-field orientation or a microwave field intensity. Using the rotating-frame approximation, the experiments are explained very well by both an analytical model and a generalized numerical model. The calculated multiphoton Rabi frequencies are in excellent agreement with the experimental data.
Coherent spin dynamics of impurity Yb3+{\text{Yb}}^{3+}Yb3+ ions in the CaWO4{\text{CaWO}}_{4}CaWO4​ single crystal has been studied using XXX- and WWW-band EPR. Rabi oscillations of the sample magnetization with damping times comparable to their period, driven by pulses of the microwave field with duration up to $5\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\text{s}$, were observed. The largest value of the single-qubit figure of merit $(\ensuremath{\sim}6400)$ is obtained for the high-field component in the 171Yb^{171}\text{Y}\text{b}171Yb XXX-band EPR spectrum. The spin-lattice relaxation time of the Yb3+{\text{Yb}}^{3+}Yb3+ ions shortens with the increasing resonance frequency while the phase memory time, in contrast, grows noticeably. Variations of the phase memory times are interpreted in terms of spectral and instantaneous diffusions. The increase of the coherence time at the WWW band can be used for the application of rare-earth ions as qubits in quantum computing as it has been proposed recently.
Large-spin Mn2+ ions (S=5/2) diluted in a nonmagnetic MgO matrix of high crystalline symmetry are used to realize a six-level system that can be operated by means of multiphoton coherent Rabi oscillations. This spin system has a very small anisotropy which can be tuned in situ to reversibly transform the system between harmonic and nonharmonic level configurations. Decoherence effects are strongly suppressed as a result of the quasi-isotropic electron interaction with the crystal field and with the 55Mn nuclear spins. These results suggest new ways of manipulating, reading, and resetting spin quantum states which can be applied to encode a qubit across several quantum levels.
Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) at Rabi frequencies, we study the Bloch-Siegert effect in the coherent dynamics of electron spin states driven by a bichromatic radiation consisting of a transverse microwave (MW) and longitudinal radio frequency (RF) fields. The Rabi oscillations on the electron spin states dressed by the MW field are observed at the double resonance, when the MW frequency equals the Larmor frequency of the spin system and the frequency ωrf of the RF field is close to the Rabi frequency ω1 in the MW field. The dispersive (|ωrf - ω1| ~ ωrf, ω1) and near-resonant (ωrf ≈ ω1) regimes are investigated. We demonstrate that the Bloch-Siegert shift increases with increas- ing RF amplitude and at the fixed RF amplitude it has the largest values in the low-frequency (ωrf < ω1) range of the dispersive regime. Experimental results were obtained in the time-resolved EPR for E' centres in quartz.
We report the first observation of Rabi oscillations in the spin-7/2 ensemble of trivalent gadolinium ions hosted in CaWO4\mathrm{CaW}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}CaWO4​ single crystal. A number of transitions within the lowest electronic multiplet 8S7/722{}^{8}{S}_{7/\phantom{72}\phantom{\rule{0.0pt}{0ex}}2}8S7/722​ of Gd3+\mathrm{G}{\mathrm{d}}^{3+}Gd3+ ion are studied using a combination of continuous-wave and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The corresponding Rabi damping curves and the spin coherence times are detected at varying strengths of the microwave field. These data are well reproduced by a theoretical model which accounts for the intrinsic inhomogeneity of the microwave field within the microwave resonator and the magnetic dipole interactions in the diluted spin ensemble. The results indicate that the studied 8-level ground manifold of Gd3+\mathrm{G}{\mathrm{d}}^{3+}Gd3+ ion can represent an effective three-qubit quantum system.
The dynamics of a two-level spin system dressed by bichromatic radiation is studied under the conditions of double resonance when the frequency of one (microwave) field is equal to the Larmor frequency of the spin system and the frequency of the other (radio-frequency) field ω_{rf} is close to the Rabi frequency ω_{1} in a micro-wave field. It is shown theoretically that Rabi oscillations between dressed-spin states with the frequency εare accompanied by higher-frequency oscillations at frequencies nω_{rf} and nω_{rf}\pm ε, where n = 1, 2, .... The most intense among these are the signals corresponding to n = 1. The counter-rotating (antiresonance) components of the RF field give rise to a shift of the dressed-state energy, i.e., to a frequency shift similar to the Bloch-Siegert shift. In particular, this shift is manifested as the dependence of the Rabi-oscillation frequency εon the sign of the detuning ω{1} -ω{rf} from resonance. In the case of double resonance, the oscillation amplitude is asymmetric; i.e., the amplitude at the sum frequency ω_{rf} +εincreases, while the amplitude at the difference frequency ω_{rf} -εdecreases. The predicted effects are confirmed by observations of the nutation signals of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of centers in quartz and should be taken into account to realize qubits with a low Rabi frequency in solids.