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arXiv:1105.4821 · Open Systems & Information Dynamics

Geometry of Entanglement Witnesses for Two Qutrits

Dariusz Chruściński, Filip Wudarski

Published Dec 1, 2011• 18 citations
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Abstract

We characterize a convex subset of entanglement witnesses for two qutrits. Equivalently, we provide a characterization of the set of positive maps in the matrix algebra of 3 × 3 complex matrices. It turns out that boundary of this set displays elegant representation in terms of SO(2) rotations. We conjecture that maps parametrized by rotations are optimal, i.e. they provide the strongest tool for detecting quantum entanglement. As a byproduct we found a new class of decomposable entanglement witnesses parametrized by improper rotations from the orthogonal group O(2).

DOI
10.1142/s1230161211000261

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We characterize a convex subset of entanglement witnesses for two qutrits. Equivalently, we provide a characterization of the set of positive maps in the matrix algebra of 3 × 3 complex matrices. It turns out that boundary of this set displays elegant representation in terms of SO(2) rotations. We conjecture that maps parametrized by rotations are optimal, i.e. they provide the strongest tool for detecting quantum entanglement. As a byproduct we found a new class of decomposable entanglement witnesses parametrized by improper rotations from the orthogonal group O(2).
From the physical point of view entanglement witnesses (EWs) define a universal tool for analysis and classification of quantum entangled states. From the mathematical perspective bipartite EWs provide highly non-trivial generalization of positive operators and establish elegant correspondence with the theory of positive maps in matrix algebras. We concentrate on theoretical analysis of various important notions like decomposability, atomicity, optimality, extremality and exposedness. Several methods of construction are provided as well. Our discussion is illustrated by many examples enabling the reader to see the intricate structure of these objects. It is shown that the theory of EWs finds elegant geometric formulation in terms of convex cones and related geometric structures.
Abstract We interpret multi-partite genuine entanglement witnesses as simultaneous positivity of various maps arising from them. We apply this result to multi-qubit X -shaped Hermitian matrices, and characterize the conditions for them to be genuine entanglement witnesses, in terms of entries. Furthermore, we find all optimal entries among them. They turn out to have spanning properties, and so they detect a non-zero volume set of multi-qubit genuine entanglement. We also characterize decomposability for X -shaped entanglement witnesses.