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arXiv:1103.3577 · Physical Review A

Effect on cavity optomechanics of the interaction between a cavity field and a one-dimensional interacting bosonic gas

Qing Sun, Xing-Hua Hu, W.M. Liu, X. C. Xie, An-Chun Ji

Published Aug 15, 2011• 15 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate optomechanical coupling between one-dimensional interacting bosons and the electromagnetic field in a high-finesse optical cavity. We show that by tuning interatomic interactions, one can realize effective optomechanics with mechanical resonators ranging from side-mode excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to particle-hole excitations of a Tonks-Girardeau (TG) gas. We propose that this unique feature can be formulated to detect the BEC-TG gas crossover and measure the sine-Gordon transition continuously and nondestructively.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.023822

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We investigate optomechanical coupling between one-dimensional interacting bosons and the electromagnetic field in a high-finesse optical cavity. We show that by tuning interatomic interactions, one can realize effective optomechanics with mechanical resonators ranging from side-mode excitations of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to particle-hole excitations of a Tonks-Girardeau (TG) gas. We propose that this unique feature can be formulated to detect the BEC-TG gas crossover and measure the sine-Gordon transition continuously and nondestructively.
Cavity-optomechanics, a rapidly developing area of research, has made a remarkable progress. A stunning manifestation of optomechanical phenomena is in exploiting the mechanical effects of light to couple the optical degree of freedom with mechanical degree of freedom. In this report, we investigate the controlled bistable dynamics of such hybrid optomechanical system composed of cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped inside high-finesse optical cavity with one moving-end mirror and is driven by a single mode optical field. The numerical results provide evidence for controlled optical bistability in optomechanics using transverse optical field which directly interacts with atoms causing the coupling of transverse field with momentum side modes, exited by intra-cavity field. This technique of transverse field coupling is also used to control bistable dynamics of both moving-end mirror and BEC. The report provides an understanding of temporal dynamics of moving-end mirror and BEC with respect to transverse field. Moreover, dependence of effective potential of the system on transverse field has also been discussed. To observe this phenomena in laboratory, we have suggested a certain set of experimental parameters. These findings provide a platform to investigate the tunable behavior of novel phenomenon like electromagnetically induced transparency and entanglement in hybrid systems.
The dispersive interaction of a Bose-Einstein condensate with a single mode of a high-finesse optical cavity realizes the radiation pressure coupling Hamiltonian. In this system the role of the mechanical oscillator is played by a single condensate excitation mode that is selected by the cavity mode function. We study the effect of atomic s-wave collisions and show that it merely renormalizes parameters of the usual optomechanical interaction. Moreover, we show that even in the case of strong harmonic confinement – which invalidates the use of Bloch states – a single excitation mode of the Bose-Einstein condensate couples significantly to the light field, that is the simplified picture of a single "mechanical" oscillator mode remains valid.
We give a brief overview of the basic aspects of the optomechanical interaction between a light field and a mechanical mode of ultracold bosonic and fermionic atomic gases inside a Fabry–Pérot cavity, showing that these systems provide a ‘bottom up’ approach to cavity optomechanics. In contrast to the case of a Bose condensate, where the effective ‘moving mirror’ is a side mode whose occupation results simply from photon recoil, for fermionic atoms this ‘mirror’ is a collective density oscillation associated with particle–hole excitations. We also discuss the experimental consequences of the optomechanical coupling in optical bistability.
Cavity optomechanics studies the coupling between a mechanical oscillator and the electromagnetic field in a cavity. We report on a cavity optomechanical system in which a collective density excitation of a Bose-Einstein condensate serves as the mechanical oscillator coupled to the cavity field. A few photons inside the ultrahigh-finesse cavity trigger strongly driven back-action dynamics, in quantitative agreement with a cavity optomechanical model. We approach the strong coupling regime of cavity optomechanics, where a single excitation of the mechanical oscillator substantially influences the cavity field. The results open up new directions for investigating mechanical oscillators in the quantum regime and the border between classical and quantum physics.
Cavity-optomechanics, an exploitation of mechanical-effects of light to couple optical-field with mechanical-objects, has made remarkable progress. Besides, spin-orbit (SO)-coupling, interaction between spin of a quantum-particle and its momentum, has provided foundation to analyze various phenomena like spin-Hall effect and topological-insulators. However, SO-coupling and corresponding topological-features have not been examined in optical-cavity with one vibrational-mirror. Here we report cavity-optomechanics with SO-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate, inducing non-Abelian gauge-field in cavity. We ascertain the influences of SO-coupling and long-range atomic-interactions on low-temperature dynamics which can be experimentally measured by maneuvering area underneath density-noise spectrum. It is detected that not only optomechanical-coupling is modifying topological properties of atomic dressed-states but SO-coupling induced topological-effects are also enabling us to control effective-temperature of mechanical-mirror and dynamic structure factor, which is measurable by detecting neutron-scattering. Our findings are testable in a realistic setup and provide foundations to manipulate SO-coupling in the field of quantum optics and quantum computation.
We study the mutual interaction of a Bose-Einstein condensed gas with a single mode of a high-finesse optical cavity. We show how the cavity transmission reflects condensate properties, and calculate the self-consistent intracavity light field and condensate evolution. Solving the coupled condensate-cavity equations we find that while falling through the cavity, the condensate is adiabatically transfered into the ground state of the periodic optical potential. This allows time-dependent nondestructive measurements on Bose-Einstein condensates, with intriguing prospects for subsequent controlled manipulation.