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arXiv:1101.2475 · Physical Review A

Coherent transients mimicked by two-photon coherent control of a three-level system

Jongseok Lim, Han-gyeol Lee, Jaeuk Kim, Sangkyung Lee, Jaewook Ahn

Published May 26, 2011• 11 citations
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Abstract

We show theoretically and experimentally that two-photon coherent control in a $V$-shape three-level system projects a one-photon coherent transient in a simple two-level system. The second- and third-order spectral phase terms of a shaped laser pulse play the roles of time and quadratic spectral phase, respectively, in conventional coherent transients. In a three-pulse coherent control experiment of atomic rubidium, the phase and amplitude of controlled transition probability is retrieved from a two-dimensional Fourier-transform spectral peak. It is hoped that this control scheme may harness coherent control capability on multidimensional Fourier-transform spectroscopy.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.83.053429

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Multiphoton transition probability can be manipulated by tailoring the ultrashort laser pulses. In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally investigate the influence of the absorption bandwidth and line shape on the coherent control of two-photon transitions in two-level system by manipulating the femtosecond laser pulse with the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ spectral phase step. A coherent feature with a coherent peak and two coherent dips can be achieved if the absorption bandwidth is less than twice of the laser spectral bandwidth. The absorption bandwidth decides the coherent peak or dip intensity, and the absorption line shape affects the symmetry of the two coherent dips.
Simple analytical approaches for implementing strong field coherent control schemes are often elusive due to the complexity of the interaction between the intense excitation field and the system of interest. Here, we demonstrate control over multiphoton excitation in a three-level resonant system using simple, analytically derived ultrafast pulse shapes. We utilize a two-dimensional spatiotemporal control technique, in which temporal focusing produces a spatially dependent quadratic spectral phase, while a second, arbitrary phase parameter is scanned using a pulse shaper. In the current work, we demonstrate weak-to-strong field excitation of 85Rb^{85}\mathrm{Rb}85Rb, with a $\ensuremath{\pi}$ phase step and the quadratic phase as the chosen control parameters. The intricate dependence of the multilevel dynamics on these parameters is exhibited by mapping the data onto a two-dimensional control landscape. Further insight is gained by simulating the complete landscape using a dressed-state, time-domain model, in which the influence of individual shaping parameters can be extracted using both exact and asymptotic time-domain representations of the dressed-state energies.
The interaction between the laser pulse with a small-area and a three-level atomic system is investigated.The formation and characterization of the shaped laser pulse are analyzed and the two-photon transition is studied with the shaped laser pulse.The influence of the relaxation of the excited state and the length of the shaping medium on the two-photon absorption is discussed.Based on the dispersion theory the oscillation of the transient twophoton transition is explained.The result indicates that the transition probability of two-photon absorption evolves regularly with the several values of parameters such as the length of medium(l),relaxation time(t2) and bandwidth(Δω).Meanwhile the transition probability appears in the transient oscillation.
We have investigated multiphoton-ionization passages of rubidium atoms initiated from the excited 5P3/25{P}_{3/2}5P3/2​ energy state. For this we used coherent control schemes based on femtosecond laser pulse shaping applied to cold atoms spatially isolated in a magneto-optical trap. With programed laser pulses of spectral $\ensuremath{\pi}$-phase step, of which location was varied within the laser spectrum, the sequential two-photon-ionization passage along the 5P3/25{P}_{3/2}5P3/2​-5D5D5D continuum was probed in terms of trap-loss spectroscopy. The coherent control two-photon-ionization method unveiled not only the resonantly enhanced two-photon ionization but also the asymmetric nature of the ionization profile structure given as a function of the spectral phase step location. Experimental results show good agreement with the second-order perturbation calculation of the constituent possible ionization passages.