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arXiv:1010.4147 · Physica B Condensed Matter

Rotating Bose–Einstein condensate in an optical lattice: Formulation of vortex configuration for the ground state

Yousef Azizi, Alireza Valizadeh

Published Dec 25, 2010• 2 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.physb.2010.12.051

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We consider a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in a square optical lattice in the regime in which the Hamiltonian of the system can be mapped onto a Josephson junction array. In an approximate scheme where the couplings are assumed uniform, the ground state energy is formulated in terms of the vortex configuration. The results are compared with experimental results and also previously reported results for frustrated XY model. We also show that vortex configuration is robust with respect to change of couplings and therefore the results remain valid when we consider more realistic model with non-uniform couplings.
We study the ground-state phases of a two-dimensional rotating spin-orbit–coupled Bose-Einstein condensate loaded in a one-dimensional spin-dependent optical lattice. In the absence of rotation, the system undergoes a phase transition from the stripe phase to the supersolid phase gradually for weak spin-orbit coupling strength and directly for strong spin-orbit coupling strength as the depth of the optical lattice increases. With increasing the rotation strength, the stripe phase transforms to the ringlike state, and the domain number of the ringlike state increases when the Bose-Einstein condensate is in the weak depth of the optical lattice. The supersolid phase transforms to the phase with a single domain of a vortex line for small rotation strength, and alternating vortex lines along the x -direction appear for large rotation strength when the Bose-Einstein condensate is in the strong depth of the optical lattice. The spin textures of the ground-state phases are also discussed.