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arXiv:1010.0709

Nonlocal Handbury-Brown Twiss Interferometry & Entanglement Generation from Majorana Bound States

Sougato Bose, Pasquale Sodano

Published Oct 4, 2010• 0 citations
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Abstract

We show that a one dimensional device supporting a pair of Majorana bound states at its ends can produce remarkable Hanbury-Brown Twiss like interference effects between well separated Dirac fermions of pertinent energies. We find that the simultaneous scattering of two incoming electrons or two incoming holes from the Majorana bound states leads exclusively to an electron-hole final state. This "anti-bunching" in electron-hole internal pseudospin space can be detected through current-current correlations. Further, we show that, by scattering appropriate spin polarized electrons from the Majorana bound states, one can engineer a non-local entangler of electronic spins for quantum information applications. Both the above phenomena should be observable in diverse physical systems enabling to detect the presence of low energy Majorana modes.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1010.0709

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We show that a one dimensional device supporting a pair of Majorana bound states at its ends can produce remarkable Hanbury-Brown Twiss like interference effects between well separated Dirac fermions of pertinent energies. We find that the simultaneous scattering of two incoming electrons or two incoming holes from the Majorana bound states leads exclusively to an electron-hole final state. This "anti-bunching" in electron-hole internal pseudospin space can be detected through current-current correlations. Further, we show that, by scattering appropriate spin polarized electrons from the Majorana bound states, one can engineer a non-local entangler of electronic spins for quantum information applications. Both the above phenomena should be observable in diverse physical systems enabling to detect the presence of low energy Majorana modes.
We show that a one dimensional device supporting a pair of Majorana bound states at its ends can produce remarkable Hanbury-Brown Twiss like interference effects between well separated Dirac fermions of pertinent energies. We find that the simultaneous scattering of two incoming electrons or two incoming holes from the Majorana bound states leads exclusively to an electron-hole final state. This anti-bunching in electron-hole internal pseudospin space can be detected through current-current correlations. Further, we show that, by scattering appropriate spin polarized electrons from the Majorana bound states, one can engineer a non-local entangler of electronic spins for quantum information applications. Both the above phenomena should be observable in diverse physical systems enabling to detect the presence of low energy Majorana modes.
We show that a one-dimensional device supporting a pair of Majorana bound states (MBS) at its ends can produce remarkable Hanbury–Brown–Twiss-like interference effects between well-separated Dirac fermions of pertinent energies. We find that the simultaneous scattering of two incoming electrons or two incoming holes from the MBS leads exclusively to an electron–hole final state. This 'anti-bunching' in electron–hole internal pseudospin space can be detected through current–current correlations. Further, we show that, by scattering appropriate spin-polarized electrons from the MBS, one can engineer a non-local entangler of electronic spins for quantum information applications. Both the above phenomena should be observable in diverse physical systems enabling us to detect the presence of low-energy Majorana modes.
Two-particle Hanbury Brown--Twiss interferometry with chiral Majorana modes produces maximally entangled electron-hole pairs. We promote the electron-hole quantum number to an interferometric degree of freedom and complete the set of linear tools for single- and two-particle interferometry by introducing a key phase gate that, combined with a Mach-Zehnder, allows full electron-hole rotations. By considering entanglement witnesses built on current cross-correlation measurements, we find that the possibility of independent local-channel rotations in the electron-hole subspace leads to a significant boost of the entanglement detection power.
Majorana fermions (MFs) are exotic particles that are their own anti-particles. Recently, the search for the MFs occurring as quasi-particle excitations in solid-state systems has attracted widespread interest, because of their fundamental importance in fundamental physics and potential applications in topological quantum computation based on solid-state devices. Here we study the quantum correlations between two spatially separate quantum dots induced by a pair of MFs emerging at the two ends of a semiconductor nanowire, in order to develop a new method for probing the MFs. We find that without the tunnel coupling between these paired MFs, quantum entanglement cannot be induced from an unentangled (i.e., product) state, but quantum discord is observed due to the intrinsic nonlocal correlations of the paired MFs. This finding reveals that quantum discord can indeed demonstrate the intrinsic non-locality of the MFs formed in the nanowire. Also, quantum discord can be employed to discriminate the MFs from the regular fermions. Furthermore, we propose an experimental setup to measure the onset of quantum discord due to the nonlocal correlations. Our approach provides a new, and experimentally accessible, method to study the Majorana bound states by probing their intrinsic non-locality signature.
Nonlocal entanglement between two quantum dots (QDs) can be generated through Majorana fermions. The two Majorana fermions at the ends of a one-dimensional topological superconductor form a nonlocal electronic level, which couples the occupation states of the two QDs located close to the two ends and brings the whole system into an entangled state, even at low temperatures and zero bias voltage. Upon introducing a charging energy by a capacitor, entanglement of the whole system can manifest itself through the nonlocal entanglement between the two QDs. Explicitly, the conditional probabilities of electron occupation on one QD with and without electron occupation on the other QD deviate from each other, with the difference proportional to the concurrence of quantum entanglement between the two QDs. Therefore detecting the difference in conditional probabilities, which is achievable experimentally by established techniques, provides evidence of the nonlocal nature of the fermion level constructed by the two end Majorana fermions.
Quantum entanglement enables a wide range of fundamental studies and practical applications in quantum optics, computing, and communication. In this work, we investigate two-photon interference using position-momentum entangled photons generated via Type-II Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion (SPDC). By employing a double-slit setup, we explore two distinct quantum interference phenomena: the Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) effect, where the photons pass through different slits, and NOON-state interference, where both photons traverse the same slit. We deterministically separate the two photons based on their orthogonal polarizations and demonstrate that both interference effects persist despite their distinguishability at the detectors. This result goes beyond the conventional understanding of two-photon interference and reveals a novel nonlocal HBT effect, where interference occurs even in the absence of spatial overlap, and is rooted in entanglement. Our findings deepen the understanding of quantum interference and open new avenues for applications in quantum optics and precision measurement.