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arXiv:1010.0684 · Physical Review Letters

All Optical Switch of Vacuum Rabi Oscillations: The Ultrafast Quantum Eraser

A. Ridolfo, R. Vilardi, Omar Di Stefano, S. Portolan, Salvatore Savasta

Published Jan 5, 2011• 36 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We study the all-optical time control of the strong coupling between a single cascade three-level quantum emitter and a microcavity. We find that only specific arrival times of the control pulses succeed in switching off the Rabi oscillations. Depending on the arrival times of control pulses, a variety of exotic nonadiabatic cavity quantum electrodynamics effects can be observed. We show that control pulses with specific arrival times, performing which-path and quantum-eraser operations, are able to suddenly switch-off and on first-order coherence of cavity photons, without affecting their strong coupling population dynamics.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.106.013601

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We propose a scheme for the ultrafast control of the emitter-field coupling rate in cavity quantum electrodynamics. This is achieved by the control of the vacuum field seen by the emitter through a modulation of the optical modes in a coupled-cavity structure. The scheme allows the on-off switching of the coupling rate without perturbing the emitter and without introducing frequency chirps on the emitted photons. It can be used to control the shape of single-photon pulses for high-fidelity quantum state transfer, to control Rabi oscillations, and as a gain-modulation method in lasers. We discuss two possible experimental implementations based on photonic crystal cavities and on microwave circuits.
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The principle of complementarity refers to the ability of quantum entities to behave as particles or waves under different experimental conditions. I discuss a recently proposed device enabling the ultrafast all optical control of the wave‐particle duality of light. It is constituted by a three‐level quantum emitter strongly coupled to a microcavity and can be realized by exploiting a great variety of systems ranging from atomic physics and semiconductor quantum dots to intersubband polaritons and Cooper pair boxes. Control pulses with specific arrival times, performing which‐path and quantum‐eraser operations, are able to destroy and recover interference almost instantaneously. I will also discuss quantum coherence effects and more generally the optical properties of ultracompact (with dimensions below the diffraction limit) hybrid structures, composed of metallic nanoparticles and a single quantum dot. The coupling between a single quantum emitter and a metallic nanoparticle can give rise to a Fano interference effect which strongly influences the quantum statistical properties of the scattered photons.
Abstract We show that it is possible to realize quantum superpositions of switched-on and -off strong light-matter interaction in a single quantum dot- semiconductor microcavity system. Such superpositions enable the observation of counterintuitive quantum conditional dynamics effects. Situations are possible where cavity photons as well as the emitter luminescence display exponential decay but their joint detection probability exhibits vacuum Rabi oscillations. Remarkably, these quantum correlations are also present in the nonequilibrium steady state spectra of such coherently driven dissipative quantum systems.