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arXiv:1007.0536

Comment on "Quantum theory cannot be extended" [arXiv:1005.5173v1]: Falsification of non-covariant extensions requires the before-before experiment

Antoine Suárez

Published Jul 4, 2010• 1 citation
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Abstract

The Suarez-Scarani model is a non-covariant (frame-dependent) relativistic (time-ordered causal) nonlocal extension of quantum theory, which is not refuted by the experiments proposed in Reference [arXiv:1005.5173v1]. The covariant extensions considered in this Reference are actually self-contradictory and do not require experimental falsification.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1007.0536

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The Suarez-Scarani model is a non-covariant (frame-dependent) relativistic (time-ordered causal) nonlocal extension of quantum theory, which is not refuted by the experiments proposed in Reference [arXiv:1005.5173v1]. The covariant extensions considered in this Reference are actually self-contradictory and do not require experimental falsification.
It is shown that the before-before (or Suarez-Scarani) experiment refutes hidden variable models with a deterministic ("realistic") nonlocal part, and the experimental violation of Leggett-type inequalities models with a random nonlocal part and a biased random local one. Therefore the claim that Groeblacher et al. present "an experimental test of nonlocal realism" [Nature, 446, 871-875 (2007)] is misleading, and Marek Zukowski's comment [arXiv:0809.0072v1] misses the point. A new experiment is proposed.
It is argued that recent experiments refuting nonlocal realism, can also be considered as experiments refuting time-ordered nonlocality and, hence, confirming the result of the before-before experiment. However, the before-before experiment provides a broader refutation because it also falsifies the testable relativistic version of Bohm's nonlocal model. All this stresses the interest of a new before-before experiment demonstrating together the failure of time-ordered nonlocality and the violation of the Leggett's inequality.
In non relativistic physics it is assumed that both chronological ordering and causal ordering of events (telling whether there exists a causal relationship between two events or not) are absolute, observer independent properties. In relativistic physics on the other hand chronological ordering depends on the observer who assigns space-time coordinates to physical events and only causal ordering is regarded as an observer independent property. In this paper it is shown that quantum theory can be considered as a physical theory in which causal (as well as chronological) ordering of probabilistic events happening in experiments may be regarded as an observer dependent property.