arXiv:1005.4377 · Physical Review A

Effect of buffer gas on an electromagnetically induced transparency in a ladder system using thermal rubidium vapor

Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan, Ulrich Krohn, James Keaveney, Charles S. Adams

Published Oct 25, 2010• 42 citations

Abstract

We report on the observation of electromagnetically induced transparency in a ladder system in the presence of a buffer gas. In particular, we study the $5{S}_{1/2}$-$5{P}_{3/2}\ensuremath{-}5{D}_{5/2}$ transition in thermal rubidium vapor with a neon buffer gas at a pressure of 6 Torr. In contrast to the line-narrowing effect of buffer gas on $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ systems, we show that the presence of the buffer gas leads to an additional broadening of $(34\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5)$ MHz, which suggests a cross section for Rb($5{D}_{5/2}$)--Ne of ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{k}}^{(D)}=(23\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}19} {\mathrm{m}}^{2}$. However, in the limit where the coupling Rabi frequency is larger than the collisional dephasing, a strong transparency feature can still be observed.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.82.045806

Related papers

Active narrowband filtering, line narrowing and gain using ladder electromagnetically induced transparency in an optically thick atomic vapour

James Keaveney, Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan +2 more

arXiv:1311.7268Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical PhysicsMar 14, 201428 citations

Rydberg-EIT of $^{85}$Rb vapor in a cell with Ne buffer gas

Nithiwadee Thaicharoen, Ryan Cardman, Georg A. Raithel

arXiv:2308.07554Aug 15, 20230 citations

Doppler narrowing, Zeeman and laser beam-shape effects in $Λ$-type Electromagnetically Induced Transparency on the $^{85}$Rb D2 line in a vapor cell

Lu Ma, Georg A. Raithel

arXiv:2007.00495Jul 1, 20200 citations

Electromagnetically induced Bragg reflection with a stationary coupling field in a buffer rubidium vapor cell

In‐Ho Bae, Han Seb Moon, Min-Koeung Kim +2 more

Applied OpticsSep 10, 200810 citations

High contrast electromagnetically induced transparency in a nitrogen filled Rb vapour cell

Md. Mabud Hossain, S. Mitra, Biswajit Ray +1 more

Laser PhysicsAug 17, 20097 citations

Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency of 85 Rb vapor in a cell with Ne buffer gas

Nithiwadee Thaicharoen, Ryan Cardman, Georg A. Raithel

Physical Review AppliedJun 4, 202410 citations

arXiv:1005.4377 · Physical Review A

Effect of buffer gas on an electromagnetically induced transparency in a ladder system using thermal rubidium vapor

Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan, Ulrich Krohn, James Keaveney, Charles S. Adams

Published Oct 25, 2010• 42 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

We report on the observation of electromagnetically induced transparency in a ladder system in the presence of a buffer gas. In particular, we study the

5{S}_{1/2}

5{P}_{3/2}\ensuremath{-}5{D}_{5/2}

transition in thermal rubidium vapor with a neon buffer gas at a pressure of 6 Torr. In contrast to the line-narrowing effect of buffer gas on

\ensuremath{\Lambda}

systems, we show that the presence of the buffer gas leads to an additional broadening of

(34\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5)

MHz, which suggests a cross section for Rb(

5{D}_{5/2}

)--Ne of

{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{k}}^{(D)}=(23\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}19} {\mathrm{m}}^{2}

. However, in the limit where the coupling Rabi frequency is larger than the collisional dephasing, a strong transparency feature can still be observed.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.82.045806

Related papers

Active narrowband filtering, line narrowing and gain using ladder electromagnetically induced transparency in an optically thick atomic vapour

James Keaveney, Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan +2 more

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonances using the 5S 1/2 → 5P 3/2 → 5D 5/2 ladder-system in optically thick Rb atomic vapour are studied. We observe a strong line narrowing effect and gain at the 5S 1/2 → 5P 3/2 transition wavelength due to an energy-pooling assisted frequency conversion with characteristics similar to 4-wave mixing. As a result it is possible to observe tunable and switchable transparency resonances with amplitude close to 100% and a linewidth of 15 MHz. In addition, the large line narrowing effect allows resolution of 85 Rb 5D 5/2 hyperfine structure even in the presence of strong power broadening.Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonances using the 5S 1/2 → 5P 3/2 → 5D 5/2 ladder-system in optically thick Rb atomic vapour are studied. We observe a strong line narrowing effect and gain at the 5S 1/2 → 5P 3/2 transition wavelength due to an energy-pooling assisted frequency conversion with characteristics similar to 4-wave mixing. As a result it is possible to observe tunable and switchable transparency resonances with amplitude close to 100% and a linewidth of 15 MHz. In addition, the large line narrowing effect allows resolution of 85 Rb 5D 5/2 hyperfine structure even in the presence of strong power broadening.

arXiv:1311.7268Journal of Physics B Atomic Molecular and Optical PhysicsMar 14, 201428 citations

Rydberg-EIT of $^{85}$ Rb vapor in a cell with Ne buffer gasRydberg-EIT of $^{85}$Rb vapor in a cell with Ne buffer gas

Nithiwadee Thaicharoen, Ryan Cardman, Georg A. Raithel

We investigate Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of $^{85}$ Rb atomic vapor in a glass cell that contains a 5-Torr neon buffer gas. At low probe power, EIT lines exhibit a positive frequency shift of about 70~MHz and a broadening of about 120~MHz, with minimal dependence on the principal quantum number of the Rydberg states. The EIT line shift arises from s-wave scattering between the Rydberg electron and the Ne atoms, which induces a positive shift near 190~MHz, and from the polarization of the Ne atoms within the Rydberg atom, which adds a negative shift near -120~MHz. The line broadening is largely due to the Ne polarization. Our experimental results are in good qualitative agreement with our theoretical model, in which the shift is linear in buffer-gas density. Our results suggest that Rydberg-EIT can serve as a direct spectroscopic probe for buffer-gas density at low pressure, and that it is suitable for non-invasive measurement of electric fields in low-pressure noble-gas discharge plasmas and in dusty plasmas.We investigate Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of $^{85}$Rb atomic vapor in a glass cell that contains a 5-Torr neon buffer gas. At low probe power, EIT lines exhibit a positive frequency shift of about 70~MHz and a broadening of about 120~MHz, with minimal dependence on the principal quantum number of the Rydberg states. The EIT line shift arises from s-wave scattering between the Rydberg electron and the Ne atoms, which induces a positive shift near 190~MHz, and from the polarization of the Ne atoms within the Rydberg atom, which adds a negative shift near -120~MHz. The line broadening is largely due to the Ne polarization. Our experimental results are in good qualitative agreement with our theoretical model, in which the shift is linear in buffer-gas density. Our results suggest that Rydberg-EIT can serve as a direct spectroscopic probe for buffer-gas density at low pressure, and that it is suitable for non-invasive measurement of electric fields in low-pressure noble-gas discharge plasmas and in dusty plasmas.

arXiv:2308.07554Aug 15, 20230 citations

Doppler narrowing, Zeeman and laser beam-shape effects in $Λ$ -type Electromagnetically Induced Transparency on the $^{85}$ Rb D2 line in a vapor cellDoppler narrowing, Zeeman and laser beam-shape effects in $Λ$-type Electromagnetically Induced Transparency on the $^{85}$Rb D2 line in a vapor cell

Lu Ma, Georg A. Raithel

We study $Λ$ -type Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) on the Rb D2 transition in a buffer-gas-free thermal vapor cell without anti-relaxation coating. Experimental data show distinguished features of velocity-selective optical pumping and one EIT resonance. The Zeeman splitting of the EIT line in magnetic fields up to 12 Gauss is investigated. One Zeeman component is free of the first-order shift and its second-order shift agrees well with theory. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of this magnetic-field-insensitive EIT resonance is reduced due to Doppler narrowing, scales linearly in Rabi frequency over the range studied, and reaches about 100~kHz at the lowest powers. These observations agree with an analytic model for a Doppler-broadened medium developed in Ref. \cite{PhysRevA.66.013805,7653385}. Numerical simulation using the Lindblad equation reveals that the transverse laser intensity distribution and two $Λ$ -EIT systems must be included to fully account for the measured line width and line shape of the signals. Ground-state decoherence, caused by effects that include residual optical frequency fluctuations, atom-wall and trace-gas collisions, is discussed.We study $Λ$-type Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) on the Rb D2 transition in a buffer-gas-free thermal vapor cell without anti-relaxation coating. Experimental data show distinguished features of velocity-selective optical pumping and one EIT resonance. The Zeeman splitting of the EIT line in magnetic fields up to 12 Gauss is investigated. One Zeeman component is free of the first-order shift and its second-order shift agrees well with theory. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of this magnetic-field-insensitive EIT resonance is reduced due to Doppler narrowing, scales linearly in Rabi frequency over the range studied, and reaches about 100~kHz at the lowest powers. These observations agree with an analytic model for a Doppler-broadened medium developed in Ref. \cite{PhysRevA.66.013805,7653385}. Numerical simulation using the Lindblad equation reveals that the transverse laser intensity distribution and two $Λ$-EIT systems must be included to fully account for the measured line width and line shape of the signals. Ground-state decoherence, caused by effects that include residual optical frequency fluctuations, atom-wall and trace-gas collisions, is discussed.

arXiv:2007.00495Jul 1, 20200 citations

Electromagnetically induced Bragg reflection with a stationary coupling field in a buffer rubidium vapor cell

In‐Ho Bae, Han Seb Moon, Min-Koeung Kim +2 more

An electromagnetically induced Bragg reflection with a stationary coupling field in an Rb vapor cell with a 6.67 kPa neon buffer gas was studied. When the coupling field was spatially modulated as a stationary wave, a transmission reduction of the probe field was observed, while simultaneously a reflected probe field was detected in the backward direction. Instead of absorbing a fraction of the probe laser in the Rb vapor, the modulated electromagnetically induced transparency medium reflected it, corresponding to a Bragg reflection. The spectrum in the 5S(1/2)-5P(1/2)Lambda-type system of (87)Rb atoms was investigated as a function of the coupling laser frequency detuning, the stationary coupling laser power, the vapor cell temperature, and the coupling laser power ratio.An electromagnetically induced Bragg reflection with a stationary coupling field in an Rb vapor cell with a 6.67 kPa neon buffer gas was studied. When the coupling field was spatially modulated as a stationary wave, a transmission reduction of the probe field was observed, while simultaneously a reflected probe field was detected in the backward direction. Instead of absorbing a fraction of the probe laser in the Rb vapor, the modulated electromagnetically induced transparency medium reflected it, corresponding to a Bragg reflection. The spectrum in the 5S(1/2)-5P(1/2)Lambda-type system of (87)Rb atoms was investigated as a function of the coupling laser frequency detuning, the stationary coupling laser power, the vapor cell temperature, and the coupling laser power ratio.

Applied OpticsSep 10, 200810 citations

High contrast electromagnetically induced transparency in a nitrogen filled Rb vapour cell

Md. Mabud Hossain, S. Mitra, Biswajit Ray +1 more

We observe the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra inside a nitrogen filled Rb vapour cell (Rb-N 2 ) in a five-level Λ-type system of D 2 transition of Rb atom. The high contrast EIT resonance in buffer gas filled Rb cell is obtained under our experimental conditions. The effect of velocity changing coherence preserving collisions to obtain the contrast resonance in buffer gas cell has been discussed. We measured the dependence of EIT width and height on pump intensity and find that the EIT width (FWHM) and peak height have a linear dependence on pump intensity. Our experimental results show that the presence of N2 buffer gas reduces the power broadening of the observed resonances.We observe the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra inside a nitrogen filled Rb vapour cell (Rb-N 2 ) in a five-level Λ-type system of D 2 transition of Rb atom. The high contrast EIT resonance in buffer gas filled Rb cell is obtained under our experimental conditions. The effect of velocity changing coherence preserving collisions to obtain the contrast resonance in buffer gas cell has been discussed. We measured the dependence of EIT width and height on pump intensity and find that the EIT width (FWHM) and peak height have a linear dependence on pump intensity. Our experimental results show that the presence of N2 buffer gas reduces the power broadening of the observed resonances.

Laser PhysicsAug 17, 20097 citations

Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency of 85 Rb vapor in a cell with Ne buffer gas

Nithiwadee Thaicharoen, Ryan Cardman, Georg A. Raithel

Motivated by an interest in measuring electric fields in low-pressure noble-gas discharge plasmas and in dusty plasmas via noninvasive Stark-effect spectroscopy, we investigate Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of ${}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ atomic vapor in a glass cell that contains a 5-Torr neon buffer gas. We find that at low probe power the $\mathrm{Ne}$ buffer gas induces a positive frequency shift of the Rydberg-EIT lines of about 70 MHz as well as a broadening of about 120 MHz, with minimal dependence on the principal quantum number of the Rydberg states. The EIT line shift predominantly is a sum of a positive term from $s$ -wave scattering between the Rydberg electron and the $\mathrm{Ne}$ atoms, and a negative term from the polarization of the $\mathrm{Ne}$ atoms within the Rydberg atom. The polarization shift is lesser in magnitude, resulting in the observed net positive shift. The line broadening is largely due to the $\mathrm{Ne}$ polarization. Our experimental results are in good qualitative agreement with our theoretical model, in which the shift is linear in buffer-gas density. Our results suggest that Rydberg EIT is suitable for noninvasive measurement of electric fields in buffer-gas cells that sustain a plasma discharge, and that it can serve as a direct spectroscopic probe for buffer-gas density at low pressure.Motivated by an interest in measuring electric fields in low-pressure noble-gas discharge plasmas and in dusty plasmas via noninvasive Stark-effect spectroscopy, we investigate Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of ${}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}$ atomic vapor in a glass cell that contains a 5-Torr neon buffer gas. We find that at low probe power the $\mathrm{Ne}$ buffer gas induces a positive frequency shift of the Rydberg-EIT lines of about 70 MHz as well as a broadening of about 120 MHz, with minimal dependence on the principal quantum number of the Rydberg states. The EIT line shift predominantly is a sum of a positive term from $s$-wave scattering between the Rydberg electron and the $\mathrm{Ne}$ atoms, and a negative term from the polarization of the $\mathrm{Ne}$ atoms within the Rydberg atom. The polarization shift is lesser in magnitude, resulting in the observed net positive shift. The line broadening is largely due to the $\mathrm{Ne}$ polarization. Our experimental results are in good qualitative agreement with our theoretical model, in which the shift is linear in buffer-gas density. Our results suggest that Rydberg EIT is suitable for noninvasive measurement of electric fields in buffer-gas cells that sustain a plasma discharge, and that it can serve as a direct spectroscopic probe for buffer-gas density at low pressure.

Physical Review AppliedJun 4, 202410 citations

We report on the observation of electromagnetically induced transparency in a ladder system in the presence of a buffer gas. In particular, we study the

5{S}_{1/2}

5{P}_{3/2}\ensuremath{-}5{D}_{5/2}

transition in thermal rubidium vapor with a neon buffer gas at a pressure of 6 Torr. In contrast to the line-narrowing effect of buffer gas on

\ensuremath{\Lambda}

systems, we show that the presence of the buffer gas leads to an additional broadening of

(34\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5)

MHz, which suggests a cross section for Rb(

5{D}_{5/2}

)--Ne of

{\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{\mathrm{k}}^{(D)}=(23\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}19} {\mathrm{m}}^{2}

. However, in the limit where the coupling Rabi frequency is larger than the collisional dephasing, a strong transparency feature can still be observed.

Rydberg-EIT of

^{85}

Rb vapor in a cell with Ne buffer gas

We investigate Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of

^{85}

Rb atomic vapor in a glass cell that contains a 5-Torr neon buffer gas. At low probe power, EIT lines exhibit a positive frequency shift of about 70~MHz and a broadening of about 120~MHz, with minimal dependence on the principal quantum number of the Rydberg states. The EIT line shift arises from s-wave scattering between the Rydberg electron and the Ne atoms, which induces a positive shift near 190~MHz, and from the polarization of the Ne atoms within the Rydberg atom, which adds a negative shift near -120~MHz. The line broadening is largely due to the Ne polarization. Our experimental results are in good qualitative agreement with our theoretical model, in which the shift is linear in buffer-gas density. Our results suggest that Rydberg-EIT can serve as a direct spectroscopic probe for buffer-gas density at low pressure, and that it is suitable for non-invasive measurement of electric fields in low-pressure noble-gas discharge plasmas and in dusty plasmas.

Doppler narrowing, Zeeman and laser beam-shape effects in

Λ

-type Electromagnetically Induced Transparency on the

^{85}

Rb D2 line in a vapor cell

We study

Λ

-type Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) on the Rb D2 transition in a buffer-gas-free thermal vapor cell without anti-relaxation coating. Experimental data show distinguished features of velocity-selective optical pumping and one EIT resonance. The Zeeman splitting of the EIT line in magnetic fields up to 12 Gauss is investigated. One Zeeman component is free of the first-order shift and its second-order shift agrees well with theory. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of this magnetic-field-insensitive EIT resonance is reduced due to Doppler narrowing, scales linearly in Rabi frequency over the range studied, and reaches about 100~kHz at the lowest powers. These observations agree with an analytic model for a Doppler-broadened medium developed in Ref. \cite{PhysRevA.66.013805,7653385}. Numerical simulation using the Lindblad equation reveals that the transverse laser intensity distribution and two

Λ

-EIT systems must be included to fully account for the measured line width and line shape of the signals. Ground-state decoherence, caused by effects that include residual optical frequency fluctuations, atom-wall and trace-gas collisions, is discussed.

{}^{85}\mathrm{Rb}

atomic vapor in a glass cell that contains a 5-Torr neon buffer gas. We find that at low probe power the

\mathrm{Ne}

buffer gas induces a positive frequency shift of the Rydberg-EIT lines of about 70 MHz as well as a broadening of about 120 MHz, with minimal dependence on the principal quantum number of the Rydberg states. The EIT line shift predominantly is a sum of a positive term from

s

-wave scattering between the Rydberg electron and the

\mathrm{Ne}

atoms, and a negative term from the polarization of the

\mathrm{Ne}

atoms within the Rydberg atom. The polarization shift is lesser in magnitude, resulting in the observed net positive shift. The line broadening is largely due to the

\mathrm{Ne}

polarization. Our experimental results are in good qualitative agreement with our theoretical model, in which the shift is linear in buffer-gas density. Our results suggest that Rydberg EIT is suitable for noninvasive measurement of electric fields in buffer-gas cells that sustain a plasma discharge, and that it can serve as a direct spectroscopic probe for buffer-gas density at low pressure.