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arXiv:1004.0157 · Theoretical Computer Science

Quantum key distribution using a two-way quantum channel

Marco Lucamarini, Stefano Mancini

Published Sep 21, 2014• 28 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.tcs.2014.09.017

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Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides unconditional physical layer security for the distribution of encryption keys between legitimate parties. This paper presents a quantum key distribution protocol over a two-way quantum channel. This protocol does not require any classical communication channel for key sifting and key reconciliation. Utilizing the proposed protocol, one can reduce the overhead in the classical channel and increase the speed with which keys can be exchanged. Absence of a classical communication channel reduces operational overhead.
Background: The basic Protocols of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and their variations use a one way quantum channel for the transmission of quantum information and later use a classical channel for reconciliation phase. Objective: In this paper we are discussing a QKD protocol which is a variation over two basic protocols i.e. BB84 and B92 and uses two-way quantum channel instead of one way quantum channel and it also uses classical channel for reconciliation phase. Method: This protocol is synchronized in a manner that both parties who want to share key start communication at same point of time. Results: We have also given the design for proposed protocols and their comparison with basic protocols. Conclusion: Finally we analyzed the results and found the proposed protocols better with high capacity and low error estimation. Keywords: Variation of QKD protocols, enhanced methodology for QKD protocols, QKD protocols, BB84, B92, two way QKD.
In a deterministic quantum key distribution (DQKD) protocol with a two-way quantum channel, Bob sends a qubit to Alice who then encodes a key bit onto the qubit and sends it back to Bob. After measuring the returned qubit, Bob can obtain Alice's key bit immediately, without basis reconciliation. Since an eavesdropper may attack the qubits traveling on either the Bob-Alice channel or the Alice-Bob channel, the security analysis of DQKD protocol with a two-way quantum channel is complicated and its unconditional security has been controversial. This paper presents a security proof of a single-photon four-state DQKD protocol against general attacks.