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arXiv:1001.3313 · Annals of Physics

Sub-shot-noise quantum metrology with entangled identical particles

Fabio Benatti, Roberto Floreanini B, Ugo Marzolino

Published Jan 19, 2010• 82 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.aop.2010.01.005

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Estimation of physical parameters is essential in almost any part of science and technology. The enhancement of performance in this task (e.g. beating the standard classical shot-noise limit) using available physical resources is a major goal in metrology. Quantum metrology in closed systems has indicated that entanglement in such systems may be a useful resource. However, whether in open quantum systems such enhancements may still show up is not yet fully understood. Here, we consider a dissipative (open) quantum system of identical particles in which a parameter of the open dynamics itself is to be estimated. We employ a recently developed dissipative quantum metrology framework, and investigate whether the entanglement produced in the course of the dissipative dynamics may help the estimation task. Specifically, we show that, even in a Markovian dynamics in which states become less distinguishable in time, at small enough times the entanglement generated by the dynamics may offer some advantage over the classical shot-noise limit.
Entanglement in fermion many-body systems is studied using a generalized definition of separability based on partitions of the set of observables, rather than on particle tensor products. In this way, the characterizing properties of nonseparable fermion states can be explicitly analyzed, allowing a precise description of the geometric structure of the corresponding state space. These results have direct applications in fermion quantum metrology: Sub-shot-noise accuracy in parameter estimation can be obtained without the need of a preliminary state entangling operation.