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arXiv:0912.2417 · Nature Physics

Measurement of the effect of quantum phase slips in a Josephson junction chain

Ioan M. Pop, Ivan V. Protopopov, Florent Lecocq, Zhihui Peng, B. Pannetier, O. Buisson, Wiebke Guichard

Published Jun 13, 2010• 112 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/nphys1697

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We study coherent quantum phase slips in a Josephson junction chain, including two types of quenched disorder: random spatial modulation of the junction areas and random induced background charges. Usually, the quantum phase-slip amplitude is sensitive to the normal-mode structure of superconducting phase oscillations in the ring (Mooij-Sch\"on modes, which are all localized by the area disorder). However, we show that the modes' contribution to the disorder-induced phase-slip action fluctuations is small, and the fluctuations of the action on different junctions are mainly determined by the local junction parameters. We study the statistics of the total quantum phase-slip amplitude on the chain and show that it can be non-Gaussian for not sufficiently long chains.
The Josephson effect, tunnelling of a supercurrent through a thin insulator layer between two superconducting islands, is a phenomena characterized by a spatially distributed phase of the superconducting condensate. In recent years, there has been a growing focus on Josephson junction devices particularly for the applications of quantum metrology and superconducting qubits. In this study, we report the development of Josephson junction circuit formed by serially connecting many Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices, SQUIDs. We present experimental measurements as well as numerical simulations of a phase-slip center, a SQUID with weaker junctions, embedded in a Josephson junction chain. The DC transport properties of the chain are the result of phase slips which we simulate using a classical model that includes linear external damping, terminating impedance, as well as internal nonlinear quasiparticle damping. We find good agreement between the simulated and the experimental current voltage characteristics. The simulations allow us to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of phase-slip events occurring across the chains and also the existence of travelling voltage pulses which reflect at the chain edges.
We studied quantum phase-slip (QPS) phenomena in long one-dimensional Josephson junction series arrays with tunable Josephson coupling. These chains were fabricated with as many as 2888 junctions, where one sample had a separately tunable link in the middle of the chain. Measurements were made of the zero-bias resistance, R 0 , as well as current–voltage characteristics (IVC). The finite R 0 is explained by QPS and shows an exponential dependence on with a distinct change in the exponent at R 0 = R Q = h /4 e 2 . When R 0 > R Q , the IVC clearly shows a remnant of the Coulomb blockade, which evolves to a zero-current state with a sharp critical voltage as E J is tuned to a smaller value. The zero-current state below the critical voltage is due to coherent QPSs and we show that these are enhanced when the central link is weaker than all other links. Above the critical voltage, a negative, differential resistance is observed, which nearly restores the zero-current state.