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arXiv:0909.4506 · Optics Communications

Quantum control and measurement of atomic spins in polarization spectroscopy

Ivan Deutsch, Poul Jessen

Published Nov 7, 2009• 116 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.optcom.2009.10.059

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We describe a technique for the preparation of quantum spin correlations in a lattice gas of ultracold atoms using an atom-light interaction of the kind routinely employed in quantum spin polarization spectroscopy. Our method is based on entropic cooling via quantum nondemolition measurement and feedback, and allows the creation and detection of quantum spin correlations, as well as a certain degree of multipartite entanglement which we verify using a generalization of the entanglement witness described previously M. Cramer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 020401 (2011). We illustrate the procedure with examples drawn from the bilinear-biquadratic Hamiltonian, which can be modeled by a one-dimensional chain of spin-1 atoms.
We explore the applications of spin noise spectroscopy (SNS) for detection of the spin properties of atomic ensembles in and out of equilibrium. In SNS, a linearly polarized far-detuned probe beam on passing through an ensemble of atomic spins acquires the information of the spin correlations of the system which is extracted using its time-resolved Faraday-rotation noise. We measure various atomic, magnetic and sub-atomic properties as well as perform precision magnetometry using SNS in rubidium atomic vapor in thermal equilibrium. Thereafter, we manipulate the relative spin populations between different ground state hyperfine levels of rubidium by controlled optical pumping which drives the system out of equilibrium. We then apply SNS to probe such spin imbalance non-perturbatively. We further use this driven atomic vapor to demonstrate that SNS can have better resolution than typical absorption spectroscopy in detecting spectral lines in the presence of various spectral broadening mechanisms.