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arXiv:0909.3657 · Bulletin of the American Physical Society

Multiple Resonators as a Multi-Channel Bus for Coupling Josephson Junction Qubits

Zechariah Thrailkill, Joseph Lambert, Roberto Ramos

Published Sep 20, 2009• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Josephson junction-based qubits have been shown to be promising components for a future quantum computer. A network of these superconducting qubits will require quantum information to be stored in and transferred among them. Resonators made of superconducting metal strips are useful elements for this purpose because they have long coherence times and can dispersively couple qubits. We explore the use of multiple resonators with different resonant frequencies to couple qubits. We find that an array of resonators with different frequencies can be individually addressed to store and retrieve information, while coupling qubits dispersively. We show that a control qubit can be used to effectively isolate an active qubit from an array of resonators so that it can function within the same frequency range used by the resonators.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0909.3657

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Josephson junction-based qubits have been shown to be promising components for a future quantum computer. A network of these superconducting qubits will require quantum information to be stored in and transferred among them. Resonators made of superconducting metal strips are useful elements for this purpose because they have long coherence times and can dispersively couple qubits. We explore the use of multiple resonators with different resonant frequencies to couple qubits. We find that an array of resonators with different frequencies can be individually addressed to store and retrieve information, while coupling qubits dispersively. We show that a control qubit can be used to effectively isolate an active qubit from an array of resonators so that it can function within the same frequency range used by the resonators.
We propose an effective scheme for manipulating quantum information stored in a superconducting nanocircuit. The Josephson qubits are coupled via their separate interactions with an information bus, a large current-biased Josephson junction treated as an oscillator with adjustable frequency. The bus is sequentially coupled to only one qubit at a time. Distant Josephson qubits without any direct interaction can be indirectly coupled with each other by independently interacting with the bus sequentially, via exciting/deexciting vibrational quanta in the bus. This is a superconducting analog of the successful ion trap experiments on quantum computing. Our approach differs from previous schemes that simultaneously coupled two qubits to the bus, as opposed to their sequential coupling considered here. The significant quantum logic gates can be realized by using these tunable and selective couplings. The decoherence properties of the proposed quantum system are analyzed within the Bloch-Redfield formalism. Numerical estimations of certain important experimental parameters are provided.
We describe the design for a solid‐state quantum computational architecture based on the integration of GHz‐frequency mechanical resonators with Josephson phase qubits, which have the potential for demonstrating a variety of single‐ and multi‐qubit operations critical to quantum computation. The computational qubits are eigenstates of large‐area, current‐biased Josephson junctions. Two or more qubits are capacitively coupled to a piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical disk resonator, which enables coherent coupling of the qubits. The integrated system is analogous to one or more few‐level atoms (the Josephson junction qubits) in an electromagnetic cavity (the nanomechanical resonator). However, here we can individually tune the level spacing of the “atoms” and control their “electromagnetic” interaction strength. We show that quantum states prepared in a Josephson junction can be passed to the nanomechanical resonator and stored there, and then can be passed back to the original junction or transferred to another with high fidelity. The resonator can also be used to produce maximally entangled Bell states between a pair of Josephson junctions.
Superconducting quantum circuits based on Josephson junctions have made rapid progress in demonstrating quantum behavior and scalability.However, the future prospects ultimately depend upon the intrinsic coherence of Josephson junctions, and whether superconducting qubits can be adequately isolated from their environment.We introduce a new architecture for superconducting quantum circuits employing a three-dimensional resonator that suppresses qubit decoherence while maintaining sufficient coupling to the control signal.With the new architecture, we demonstrate that Josephson junction qubits are highly coherent, with T 2 $ 10 to 20 s without the use of spin echo, and highly stable, showing no evidence for 1=f critical current noise.These results suggest that the overall quality of Josephson junctions in these qubits will allow error rates of a few 10 À4 , approaching the error correction threshold.
A central task towards building a practical quantum computer is to protect individual qubits from decoherence while retaining the ability to perform high-fidelity entangling gates involving arbitrary two qubits. Here we propose and demonstrate a dephasing-insensitive procedure for storing and processing quantum information in an all-to-all connected superconducting circuit involving multiple frequency-tunable qubits, each of which can be controllably coupled to any other through a central bus resonator. Although it is generally believed that the extra frequency tunability enhances the control freedom but induces more dephasing impact for superconducting qubits, our results show that any individual qubit can be dynamically decoupled from dephasing noise by applying a weak continuous and resonant driving field whose phase is reversed in the middle of the pulse. More importantly, we demonstrate a new method for realizing a two-qubit phase gate with inherent dynamical decoupling via the combination of continuous driving and qubit-qubit swapping coupling. We find that the weak continuous driving fields not only enable the conditional dynamics essential for quantum information processing, but also protect both qubits from dephasing during the gate operation.
We describe the design for a scalable, solid-state quantum-information-processing architecture based on the integration of GHz-frequency nanomechanical resonators with Josephson tunnel junctions, which has the potential for demonstrating a variety of single- and multiqubit operations critical to quantum computation. The computational qubits are eigenstates of large-area, current-biased Josephson junctions, manipulated and measured using strobed external circuitry. Two or more of these phase qubits are capacitively coupled to a high-quality-factor piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical disk resonator, which forms the backbone of our architecture, and which enables coherent coupling of the qubits. The integrated system is analogous to one or more few-level atoms (the Josephson junction qubits) in an electromagnetic cavity (the nanomechanical resonator). However, unlike existing approaches using atoms in electromagnetic cavities, here we can individually tune the level spacing of the ``atoms'' and control their ``electromagnetic'' interaction strength. We show theoretically that quantum states prepared in a Josephson junction can be passed to the nanomechanical resonator and stored there, and then can be passed back to the original junction or transferred to another with high fidelity. The resonator can also be used to produce maximally entangled Bell states between a pair of Josephson junctions. Many such junction-resonator complexes can be assembled in a hub-and-spoke layout, resulting in a large-scale quantum circuit. Our proposed architecture combines desirable features of both solid-state and cavity quantum electrodynamics approaches, and could make quantum-information processing possible in a scalable, solid-state environment.
Superconducting quantum circuits based on Josephson junctions have made rapid progress in demonstrating quantum behavior and scalability. However, the future prospects ultimately depend upon the intrinsic coherence of Josephson junctions, and whether superconducting qubits can be adequately isolated from their environment. We introduce a new architecture for superconducting quantum circuits employing a three-dimensional resonator that suppresses qubit decoherence while maintaining sufficient coupling to the control signal. With the new architecture, we demonstrate that Josephson junction qubits are highly coherent, with T2 ∼ 10 to 20 μs without the use of spin echo, and highly stable, showing no evidence for 1/f critical current noise. These results suggest that the overall quality of Josephson junctions in these qubits will allow error rates of a few 10(-4), approaching the error correction threshold.