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arXiv:0905.2832 · Physical Review Letters

Mixtures of Bose Gases Confined in a Ring Potential

J. Smyrnakis, S. Bargi, G. M. Kavoulakis, Manolis Magiropoulos, K. Kärkkäinen, S. M. Reimann

Published Sep 2, 2009• 63 citations
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Abstract

The rotational properties of a mixture of two distinguishable Bose gases that are confined in a ring potential provide novel physical effects that we demonstrate in this study. Persistent currents are shown to be stable for a range of the population imbalance between the two components at low angular momentum. At higher values of the angular momentum, even small admixtures of a second species of atoms make the persistent currents highly fragile.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.103.100404

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The rotational properties of a mixture of two distinguishable Bose gases that are confined in a ring potential provide novel physical effects that we demonstrate in this study. Persistent currents are shown to be stable for a range of the population imbalance between the two components at low angular momentum. At higher values of the angular momentum, even small admixtures of a second species of atoms make the persistent currents highly fragile.
In this article we investigate the stability of quantized yrast states in a mixture of two distinguishable equal mass bosonic atoms confined in a ring. We focus in the study of energetic stability since the Bloch analysis and the Bogoliubov theory establishes that only energetically stable quantized yrast states are capable of sustain a persistent current. In the framework of the Bogoliubov theory we study the stability in two different cases chosen by physical considerations. In one case we analyze how the inter and intraspecies interaction strengths affect the stability of a selected quantized yrast state specified by the angular momentum per particle and the population imbalance. In the other case, for a fixed dynamics specified by given values of interaction strengths, we determine the stability of quantized yrast states as function of the angular momentum per particle and the population imbalance. We also examined the stability of the mixture in the rarefied limit and we found a critical value of the population imbalance which gives the size of the window of energetic stability and a critical value of angular momentum per particle which is an upper bound of the possible values of angular momentum per particle carried by energetically stable quantized yrast states.
We study the rotational properties of a two-component Bose–Einstein condensed gas of distinguishable atoms which are confined in a ring potential using both the mean-field approximation, as well as the method of diagonalization of the many-body Hamiltonian. We demonstrate that the angular momentum may be given to the system either via single-particle, or 'collective' excitation. Furthermore, despite the complexity of this problem, under rather typical conditions the dispersion relation takes a remarkably simple and regular form. Finally, we argue that under certain conditions the dispersion relation is determined via collective excitation. The corresponding many-body state, which, in addition to the interaction energy minimizes also the kinetic energy, is dictated by elementary number theory.
We present variational and numerical solutions for the problem of stability of persistent currents in a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate of distinguishable atoms which rotate in a ring potential. We consider the general class of solutions of constant density in the two components separately, thus providing an alternative approach to the solution of the same problem given recently by Wu and Zaremba (2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 063640 ). Our approach provides a physically transparent solution for this delicate problem. Finally, we give a unified and simple picture of the lowest energy state of the system for large values of the coupling.