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arXiv:0903.5230 · Reviews in Mathematical Physics

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING BRAID GROUP REPRESENTATION AND ENTANGLEMENT IN A 9 × 9 YANG–BAXTER SYSTEM

TAOTAO HU, GANGCHENG WANG, CHUNFANG SUN, CHENGCHENG ZHOU, QINGYONG WANG, KANG XUE

Published Oct 1, 2009• 2 citations
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Abstract

In this paper, we present reducible representation of the n2 braid group representation which is constructed on the tensor product of n-dimensional spaces. Specifically, it is shown that via a combining method, we can construct more n2 dimensional braiding S-matrices which satisfy the braid relations. By Yang–Baxterization approach, we derive a 9 × 9 unitary [Formula: see text]-matrix according to a 9 × 9 braiding S-matrix we have constructed. The entanglement properties of [Formula: see text]-matrix is investigated, and the arbitrary degree of entanglement for two-qutrit entangled states can be generated via [Formula: see text]-matrix acting on the standard basis.

DOI
10.1142/s0129055x09003827

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In this paper, we present reducible representation of the n2 braid group representation which is constructed on the tensor product of n-dimensional spaces. Specifically, it is shown that via a combining method, we can construct more n2 dimensional braiding S-matrices which satisfy the braid relations. By Yang–Baxterization approach, we derive a 9 × 9 unitary [Formula: see text]-matrix according to a 9 × 9 braiding S-matrix we have constructed. The entanglement properties of [Formula: see text]-matrix is investigated, and the arbitrary degree of entanglement for two-qutrit entangled states can be generated via [Formula: see text]-matrix acting on the standard basis.
A method of constructing Temperley-Lieb algebra (TLA) representations has been introduced in [Xue et al. arXiv:0903.3711]. Using this method, we can obtain another series of n2 × n2 matrices U which satisfy the TLA with the single loop [Formula: see text]. Specifically, we present a 9 × 9 matrix U with [Formula: see text]. Via Yang-Baxterization approach, we obtain a unitary [Formula: see text]-matrix, a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation. This 9 × 9 Yang-Baxter matrix is universal for quantum computing.
In this paper we construct a new 8×8 M matrix from the 4×4 M matrix, where M/M is the image of the braid group representation. The 8×8 M matrix and the 4×4 M matrix both satisfy extraspecial 2-group algebra relations. By Yang–Baxteration approach, we derive a unitary R̆(θ,φ) matrix from the M matrix with parameters φ and θ. Three-qubit entangled states can be generated by using the R̆(θ,φ) matrix. A Hamiltonian for three qubits is constructed from the unitary R̆(θ,φ) matrix. We then study the entanglement and Berry phase of the Yang–Baxter system.
We construct (2n)2×(2n)2 unitary braid matrices R̂ for n⩾2 generalizing the class known for n=1. A set of (2n)×(2n) matrices (I,J,K,L) is defined. R̂ is expressed in terms of their tensor products (such as K⊗J), leading to a canonical formulation for all n. Complex projectors P± provide a basis for our real, unitary R̂. Baxterization is obtained. Diagonalizations and block diagonalizations are presented. The loss of braid property when R̂ (n>1) is block diagonalized in terms of R̂ (n=1) is pointed out and explained. For odd dimension (2n+1)2×(2n+1)2, a previously constructed braid matrix is complexified to obtain unitarity. R̂LL and R̂TT algebras, chain Hamiltonians, potentials for factorizable S matrices, and complex noncommutative spaces are all studied briefly in the context of our unitary braid matrices. Turaev construction of link invariants is formulated for our case. We conclude with comments concerning entanglements.
Important developments in fault-tolerant quantum computation using the braiding of anyons have placed the theory of braid groups at the very foundation of topological quantum computing. Furthermore, the realization by Kauffman and Lomonaco that a specific braiding operator from the solution of the Yang-Baxter equation, namely the Bell matrix, is universal implies that in principle all quantum gates can be constructed from braiding operators together with single qubit gates. In this paper we present a new class of braiding operators from the Temperley-Lieb algebra that generalizes the Bell matrix to multi-qubit systems, thus unifying the Hadamard and Bell matrices within the same framework. Unlike previous braiding operators, these new operators generate directly , from separable basis states, important entangled states such as the generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states, cluster-like states, and other states with varying degrees of entanglement.