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arXiv:0902.2505 · Physical Review A

Effects of electric fields on heteronuclear Feshbach resonances in ultracold L6i-R87b mixtures

Z. Li, Kirk W. Madison

Published Apr 23, 2009• 15 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The effects of combined external electric and magnetic fields on elastic collisions in ultracold Li-Rb mixtures are studied using recently obtained experimentally verified potentials. Our analysis provides both quantitative predictions for and a detailed physical interpretation of the phenomena arising from electric-field-induced interactions. It is shown that the electric field shifts the positions of intrinsic magnetic Feshbach resonances, generates copies of resonances previously restricted to a particular partial-wave collision to other partial-wave channels, and splits Feshbach resonances into multiple resonances for states of nonzero angular momenta. It was recently observed that the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction can also lift the degeneracy of a $p$-wave state splitting of the associated $p$-wave Feshbach resonance into two distinct resonances at different magnetic fields. Our work shows that the splitting of the resonances produced by an applied electric field is more than 1 order of magnitude larger. This phenomenon offers a complementary way to produce and tune an anisotropic interaction and to study its effect on the many-body physics of heteronuclear atomic gases.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.79.042711

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arXiv:0709.4554•Physical Review A•Jan 8, 2008•84 citations
The effects of combined external electric and magnetic fields on elastic collisions in ultracold Li-Rb mixtures are studied using recently obtained experimentally verified potentials. Our analysis provides both quantitative predictions for and a detailed physical interpretation of the phenomena arising from electric-field-induced interactions. It is shown that the electric field shifts the positions of intrinsic magnetic Feshbach resonances, generates copies of resonances previously restricted to a particular partial-wave collision to other partial-wave channels, and splits Feshbach resonances into multiple resonances for states of nonzero angular momenta. It was recently observed that the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction can also lift the degeneracy of a ppp-wave state splitting of the associated ppp-wave Feshbach resonance into two distinct resonances at different magnetic fields. Our work shows that the splitting of the resonances produced by an applied electric field is more than 1 order of magnitude larger. This phenomenon offers a complementary way to produce and tune an anisotropic interaction and to study its effect on the many-body physics of heteronuclear atomic gases.
can be tuned using an external magnetic field. When the energy of the quasi-bound state is magnetically tuned into degeneracy with the energy of the free atomic pair, a resonant scattering process occurs in which the s-wave scattering length diverges and both elastic and inelastic collision cross sections are dramatically enhanced. When the collision involves two distinct atoms, the underlying molecular states can possess an electric dipole moment. In this case, the application of an external electric field can couple the bound molecular states mixing their orbital character and leading to level repulsion which breaks the degeneracy for dierent orbital angular momentum projections. The result is that the electric field shifts the positions of intrinsic magnetic Feshbach resonances, generates copies of resonances previously restricted to a particular partial-wave collision to other partial-wave channels, and splits Feshbach resonances into multiple resonances for states of nonzero angular momenta. This latter phenomenon oers a way to produce and tune an anisotropic interaction in atomic mixtures and to produce p-wave molecules of particular orbital angular momenta projections (1). In this talk, we discuss recent theoretical work and experimental progress on the realization and study of these phenomena associated with electric field dressing of magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances.
This Thesis describes new mechanisms for controlling elastic and inelastic collisions of ultracold atoms and molecules with static electromagnetic and laser fields. The dynamical properties of ultracold atoms are usually tuned in experiments by applying an external magnetic field to induce a Feshbach resonance. The work presented in this Thesis demonstrates the possibility of inducing and manipulating Feshbach resonances with electric fields. We discuss in detail the mechanisms of electric-field-induced resonances in ultracold mixtures of alkali metal atoms and demonstrate that electric fields may shift and split the magnetic resonances. We show that electric fields may spin up the collision complex of ultracold atoms and induce anisotropic scattering which may be exploited in experiments on many-body dynamics of ultracold gaseous mixtures. The mechanisms of electric-field-induced resonances described in this Thesis allow for two-dimensional control of inter-particle interactions, leading to total control over ultracold gases. To guide future experiments, we generate accurate interaction potentials for ultracold Li--Rb mixtures by fitting positions and widths of experimentally measured Feshbach resonances. Ultracold atomic and molecular gases can be confined by laser fields in one or two dimensions which produces an optical lattice of ultracold particles. We develop a multichannel scattering theory for collisions of atoms and molecules in two dimensions and explore the effects of the confining laser potential on inelastic and reactive collisions of ultracold atoms and molecules in a 1D optical lattice. We show that ultracold collisions can be controlled in a quasi-2D geometry by varying the orientation of a magnetic field with respect to the confinement plane normal and demonstrate that the threshold energy dependence of cross sections for inelastic collisions in an optical lattice can be tuned by varying the confining potential and the magnetic field. Our results show that applying laser confinement in one dimension may stabilize ultracold systems with large scattering lengths, which may open up interesting opportunities for studies of ultracold controlled chemistry and might lead to a new research direction of ultracold chemistry in restricted geometries.
We present a detailed analysis of Feshbach resonances in ultracold collisions of Li and Cs atoms in the presence of superimposed electric and magnetic fields. We show that electric fields induce resonances through couplings between the sss- and ppp-wave scattering channels and modify the scattering length to a great extent. Electric-field-induced resonances lead to the anisotropy of ultracold scattering and provide the diagnostics for magnetic ppp-wave resonances in ultracold gases. We show that the electric field couplings may shift the positions of sss-wave magnetic resonances, thereby making the electric field control of ultracold atoms possible even far away from ppp-wave resonances. Finally, we demonstrate that electric fields may rotate and spin up the collision complex of ultracold atoms at substantial rates.
We present a detailed analysis of Feshbach resonances in ultracold collisions of Li and Cs atoms in the presence of superimposed electric and magnetic fields. We show that electric fields induce resonances through couplings between the sss- and ppp-wave scattering channels and modify the scattering length to a great extent. Electric-field-induced resonances lead to the anisotropy of ultracold scattering and provide the diagnostics for magnetic ppp-wave resonances in ultracold gases. We show that the electric field couplings may shift the positions of sss-wave magnetic resonances, thereby making the electric field control of ultracold atoms possible even far away from ppp-wave resonances. Finally, we demonstrate that electric fields may rotate and spin up the collision complex of ultracold atoms at substantial rates.
We present an analysis of experimentally accessible magnetic Feshbach resonances in ultracold heteronuclear $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{6}\mathrm{Li}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ mixtures. Using recent experimental measurements of the triplet scattering lengths for $^{6}\mathrm{Li}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ and $^{7}\mathrm{Li}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ mixtures and Feshbach resonances for one combination of atomic states, we create model potential curves and fine-tune them to reproduce the measured resonances and to predict the location of several experimentally relevant resonances in Li-Rb collisions. To model $^{85}\mathrm{Rb}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ collisions, we use accurate Rb2{\mathrm{Rb}}_{2}Rb2​ potentials obtained previously from the analysis of experiments on $^{87}\mathrm{Rb}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ collisions. We find resonances that occur at very low magnetic fields, below 10G10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}10G, which may be useful for entanglement generation in optical lattices or atom chip magnetic traps.
We report on the observation of two Feshbach resonances in collisions between ultracold 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li and 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms in their respective hyperfine ground states $\ensuremath{\mid}F,{m}_{F}⟩=\ensuremath{\mid}1∕2,1∕2⟩$ and \ensuremath{\mid}1,1⟩. The resonances show up as trap losses for the 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li cloud induced by inelastic Li-Rb-Rb three-body collisions. The magnetic field values where they occur represent important benchmarks for an accurate determination of the interspecies interaction potentials. A broad Feshbach resonance located at 1066.92G1066.92\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}1066.92G opens interesting prospects for the creation of ultracold heteronuclear molecules. We furthermore observe a strong enhancement of the narrow ppp-wave Feshbach resonance in collisions of 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li atoms at 158.55G158.55\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}158.55G in the presence of a dense 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb cloud. The effect of the 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb cloud is to introduce Li-Li-Rb three-body collisions occurring at a higher rate than Li-Li-Li collisions.