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arXiv:0901.2997

Slow light of an amplitude modulated Gaussian pulse in electromagnetically induced transparency medium

Wenzhuo Tang, Bin Luo, Yu Liu, Hong Wei Guo

Published Jan 20, 2009• 0 citations
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Abstract

The slow light effects of an amplitude modulated Gaussian (AMG) pulse in a cesium atomic vapor are presented. In a single-$Λ$ type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium, more severe distortion is observed for an AMG pulse than a Gaussian one. Using Fourier spectrum analysis, we find that the distortion, as well as the loss, is dominantly caused by linear absorption than dispersion. Accordingly, a compensation method is proposed to reshape the slow light pulse based on the transmission spectrum. In addition, we find a novel way to obtain simultaneous slow and fast light.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0901.2997

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The slow light effects of an amplitude modulated Gaussian (AMG) pulse in a cesium atomic vapor are presented. In a single-ΛΛΛ type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium, more severe distortion is observed for an AMG pulse than a Gaussian one. Using Fourier spectrum analysis, we find that the distortion, as well as the loss, is dominantly caused by linear absorption than dispersion. Accordingly, a compensation method is proposed to reshape the slow light pulse based on the transmission spectrum. In addition, we find a novel way to obtain simultaneous slow and fast light.
Slow light of an amplitude-modulated Gaussian (AMG) pulse in cesium vapor is demonstrated and studied, since the appropriate amplitude modulation to a single pulse can enrich its spectrum and even enhance the bandwidth utilization efficiency of the slow light system. In a single- ¿ type electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) system, the slowed AMG pulse experiences severe distortion, which is mainly owing to the frequency dependent transmission of medium. Additionally, due to its spectral distribution, the frequency dependent dispersion of the medium causes simultaneous slow and fast light for different spectral components and thus a certain dispersive distortion of the AMG pulse. Further, a post-processing method is proposed to recover the slowed (distorted) pulse, which indicates that, by introducing a linear optical system with desired gain spectrum, the optical pulse can be recovered in an ¿all-optical¿ way. Finally, we discuss the limitations of this compensation procedure in detail. Although this method is demonstrated in the cesium vapor using EIT, it is also applicable to a wide range of slow light systems.
This report shows that the electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) window can be used as a time-to-frequency filter for the probe pulse whose spectrum is much broader than the width of the EIT window. This study demonstrates that the narrow spectral region of the pulse, coincident with the EIT window, develops in a long Gaussian pulse with slow group velocity. An analytical theory is developed describing the propagation of a small amplitude pulse through an optically dense absorptive medium with a narrow EIT window.
We have experimentally studied the propagation behaviors of light pulses in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium. Both phase variation in different parts of a pulse and distortion of the pulse shape are observed. The consistency between the experimental data and theoretical predictions is satisfactory. Our study explains the physical origins of the phase variation and the shape distortion, shows that the phase variation should be taken into consideration in applications utilizing the EIT scheme in which two-photon detuning must exist, and provides better understanding of the propagation behavior of the slow light.
A simple analytical solution for the propagation of a weak Gaussian pulse in a dense absorptive medium with electromagnetically induced transparency is found. This solution is applied to the analysis of three regimes: (1) and (2) the pulse spectrum is narrower than the transparency window [which is narrow (1) or wide (2) with respect to the width of the absorption line] and (3) the pulse spectrum is broader than the transparency window. It is shown that the pulse maintains its area in all three regimes and maintains its Gaussian shape but narrows in spectrum in regime 1. In regime 2, the pulse begins to distort after a certain distance. In regime 3, the pulse is split into two parts. One part is an adiabatic part with a spectrum defined by the effective width of the transparency window for a thick medium and the other is an oscillating nonadiabatic part of short duration. The adiabatic part propagates slowly and the nonadiabatic part propagates with a velocity close to the speed of light. Thus in regime 3, the medium acts as a time-frequency filter, separating the narrow and wide spectrum components of the pulse in time at the output of the absorber.
We theoretically study classical step-modulated pulse propagation in an optically thick medium with electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) using a fast Fourier transform and a proposed hybrid-asymptotic analysis. The 100% transmitted leading edge traveling at ccc consists of Sommerfeld-Brillouin precursors. The main signal, falling inside of the narrow EIT window, experiences a steep dispersion and slow group velocity. We suggest active control of the precursors and main signal separately by adjusting the parameters of the medium and incident pulse.