arXiv:0901.1115 · The European Physical Journal D

Correlations in photon-numbers and integrated intensities in parametric processes involving three optical fields

J. Perˇina, J. Křepelka, J. Perˇina, Maria Bondani, Alessia Allevi, Alessandra Andreoni

Published May 1, 2009• 17 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

DOI: 10.1140/epjd/e2009-00136-3

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Three-Mode Entangled States of the Field in the Process of Nondegenerate Parametric Decay in an Optical Resonator

S. T. Gevorgyan, M. S. Gevorgyan

For the process of non-degenerate parametric decay in an optical resonator, in which a quantum with energy $$\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{3}}$$ decays into two quanta with energies $$\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{2}}$$ and $$\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{1}}$$ , where $$\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{3}} = \hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{2}} + \hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{1}}$$ is the possibility of forming entangled states of the field by variables of the number of photons between interacting modes of the optical system is investigated. For this purpose, we investigated the dynamics of normalized correlation functions of fluctuations of the number of photons of interacting modes using a Monte–Carlo method. It is shown that in the stationary interaction limit, the value of these correlation functions strongly depends on the value of the coupling coefficient between the modes. It is shown that strong entanglement of the state of three interacting field modes is obtained in the case of weak coupling between the modes. In the case of extreme coupling between them, the value of the correlation function of fluctuations of the number of photons of the field modes tends to unity, because of which entanglement between the states of the modes disappears.

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arXiv:0901.1115 · The European Physical Journal D

Correlations in photon-numbers and integrated intensities in parametric processes involving three optical fields

J. Perˇina, J. Křepelka, J. Perˇina, Maria Bondani, Alessia Allevi, Alessandra Andreoni

Published May 1, 2009• 17 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

DOI: 10.1140/epjd/e2009-00136-3

Related papers

Photon statistics of fields generated by interference of modes correlated by parametric processes

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Optics CommunicationsAug 1, 19809 citations

Entanglement indicators for quantum optical fields: three-mode multiport beamsplitters EPR interference experiments

Junghee Ryu, Marcin Marciniak, Marcin Wieśniak +1 more

Abstract We generalize a new approach to entanglement conditions for light of undefined photons numbers given in Żukowski et al (2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 042113) for polarization correlations to a broader family of interferometric phenomena. Integrated optics allows one to perform experiments based upon multiport beamsplitters. To observe entanglement effects one can use multi-mode parametric down-conversion emissions. When the structure of the Hamiltonian governing the emissions has (infinitely) many equivalent Schmidt decompositions into modes (beams), one can have perfect EPR-like correlations of numbers of photons emitted into ‘conjugate modes’ which can be monitored at spatially separated detection stations. We provide entanglement conditions for experiments involving three modes on each side, and three-input-three-output multiport beamsplitters, and show their violations by bright squeezed vacuum states. We show that a condition expressed in terms of averages of observed rates is a much better entanglement indicator than a related one for the usual intensity variables. Thus, the rates seem to emerge as a powerful concept in quantum optics, especially for fields of undefined intensities.Abstract We generalize a new approach to entanglement conditions for light of undefined photons numbers given in Żukowski et al (2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 042113) for polarization correlations to a broader family of interferometric phenomena. Integrated optics allows one to perform experiments based upon multiport beamsplitters. To observe entanglement effects one can use multi-mode parametric down-conversion emissions. When the structure of the Hamiltonian governing the emissions has (infinitely) many equivalent Schmidt decompositions into modes (beams), one can have perfect EPR-like correlations of numbers of photons emitted into ‘conjugate modes’ which can be monitored at spatially separated detection stations. We provide entanglement conditions for experiments involving three modes on each side, and three-input-three-output multiport beamsplitters, and show their violations by bright squeezed vacuum states. We show that a condition expressed in terms of averages of observed rates is a much better entanglement indicator than a related one for the usual intensity variables. Thus, the rates seem to emerge as a powerful concept in quantum optics, especially for fields of undefined intensities.

arXiv:1601.02233Journal of OpticsFeb 8, 20182 citations

Three-Mode Entangled States of the Field in the Process of Nondegenerate Parametric Decay in an Optical Resonator

S. T. Gevorgyan, M. S. Gevorgyan

For the process of non-degenerate parametric decay in an optical resonator, in which a quantum with energy $\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{3}}$ decays into two quanta with energies $\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{2}}$ and $\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{1}}$ , where $\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{3}} = \hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{2}} + \hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{1}}$ is the possibility of forming entangled states of the field by variables of the number of photons between interacting modes of the optical system is investigated. For this purpose, we investigated the dynamics of normalized correlation functions of fluctuations of the number of photons of interacting modes using a Monte–Carlo method. It is shown that in the stationary interaction limit, the value of these correlation functions strongly depends on the value of the coupling coefficient between the modes. It is shown that strong entanglement of the state of three interacting field modes is obtained in the case of weak coupling between the modes. In the case of extreme coupling between them, the value of the correlation function of fluctuations of the number of photons of the field modes tends to unity, because of which entanglement between the states of the modes disappears.For the process of non-degenerate parametric decay in an optical resonator, in which a quantum with energy $$\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{3}}$$ decays into two quanta with energies $$\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{2}}$$ and $$\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{1}}$$ , where $$\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{3}} = \hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{2}} + \hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{1}}$$ is the possibility of forming entangled states of the field by variables of the number of photons between interacting modes of the optical system is investigated. For this purpose, we investigated the dynamics of normalized correlation functions of fluctuations of the number of photons of interacting modes using a Monte–Carlo method. It is shown that in the stationary interaction limit, the value of these correlation functions strongly depends on the value of the coupling coefficient between the modes. It is shown that strong entanglement of the state of three interacting field modes is obtained in the case of weak coupling between the modes. In the case of extreme coupling between them, the value of the correlation function of fluctuations of the number of photons of the field modes tends to unity, because of which entanglement between the states of the modes disappears.

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Three-fold coincidence by stimulated parametric down-conversion

Yishai Klein, Alessio D'Errico, Farid Ghobadi +4 more

Parametric down-conversion is a widely used source of nonclassical light in quantum optics and photonic quantum technologies. While stimulated parametric down-conversion with strong classical seeds is well studied, the regime in which stimulation occurs at the single-photon level has hitherto remained largely unexplored experimentally. Here, we study continuous-wave, low-gain down-conversion seeded by a weak coherent field with an average photon number well below one per coherence time. By measuring third-order temporal correlations, we observe a clear enhancement that cannot be accounted for by spontaneous processes or accidental coincidences alone, and is consistent with stimulation involving the seed and the generated photon pair. These results provide time-domain evidence of seed-induced three-photon correlations and suggest new ways to engineer and probe multi-photon states for quantum imaging, sensing, and information processing.Parametric down-conversion is a widely used source of nonclassical light in quantum optics and photonic quantum technologies. While stimulated parametric down-conversion with strong classical seeds is well studied, the regime in which stimulation occurs at the single-photon level has hitherto remained largely unexplored experimentally. Here, we study continuous-wave, low-gain down-conversion seeded by a weak coherent field with an average photon number well below one per coherence time. By measuring third-order temporal correlations, we observe a clear enhancement that cannot be accounted for by spontaneous processes or accidental coincidences alone, and is consistent with stimulation involving the seed and the generated photon pair. These results provide time-domain evidence of seed-induced three-photon correlations and suggest new ways to engineer and probe multi-photon states for quantum imaging, sensing, and information processing.

quant-pharXiv:2605.27653May 28, 20260 citations

Correlation properties of optical fields

V. P. Vykov, G V Shepelev

RpPhMJan 1, 19860 citations

Photon Counting and Field Correlations

Roy J. Glauber

Jan 1, 196612 citations

For the process of non-degenerate parametric decay in an optical resonator, in which a quantum with energy

\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{3}}

decays into two quanta with energies

\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{2}}

and

\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{1}}

, where

\hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{3}} = \hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{2}} + \hbar {{{{\omega }}}_{1}}

is the possibility of forming entangled states of the field by variables of the number of photons between interacting modes of the optical system is investigated. For this purpose, we investigated the dynamics of normalized correlation functions of fluctuations of the number of photons of interacting modes using a Monte–Carlo method. It is shown that in the stationary interaction limit, the value of these correlation functions strongly depends on the value of the coupling coefficient between the modes. It is shown that strong entanglement of the state of three interacting field modes is obtained in the case of weak coupling between the modes. In the case of extreme coupling between them, the value of the correlation function of fluctuations of the number of photons of the field modes tends to unity, because of which entanglement between the states of the modes disappears.