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arXiv:0812.3474

Free particle on noncommutative plane -- a coherent state path integral approach

Sunandan Gangopadhyay, Frederik G. Scholtz

Published Dec 18, 2008• 3 citations
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Abstract

We formulate the coherent state path integral on a two dimensional noncommutative plane using the fact that noncommuative quantum mechanics can be viewed as a quantum system on the Hilbert space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators acting on noncommutative configuration space. The propagation kernel for the free particle shows ultra-violet cutoff which agrees with the earlier investigations made in the literature but the approach differs substantially from the earlier studies.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0812.3474

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We formulate the coherent state path integral on a two dimensional noncommutative plane using the fact that noncommuative quantum mechanics can be viewed as a quantum system on the Hilbert space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators acting on noncommutative configuration space. The propagation kernel for the free particle shows ultra-violet cutoff which agrees with the earlier investigations made in the literature but the approach differs substantially from the earlier studies.
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In this paper we construct a path integral formulation of quantum mechanics on noncommutative phase-space. We first map the system to an equivalent system on the noncommutative plane. Then by applying the formalism of representing a quantum system in the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators acting on noncommutative configuration space, the path integral action of a particle is derived. It is observed that the action has a similar form to that of a particle in a magnetic field in the noncommutative plane. From this action the energy spectrum is obtained for the free particle and the harmonic-oscillator potential. We also show that the nonlocal nature (in time) of the action yields a second-class constrained system from which the noncommutative Heisenberg algebra can be recovered.
Inspired by a recent work that proposes using coherent states to evaluate the Feynman kernel in noncommutative space, we provide an independent formulation of the path-integral approach for quantum mechanics on the Moyal plane, with the transition amplitude defined between two coherent states of mean position coordinates. In our approach, we invoke solely a representation of the noncommutative algebra in terms of commutative variables. The kernel expression for a general Hamiltonian was found to contain Gaussian-like damping terms, and it is non-perturbative in the sense that it does not reduce to the commutative theory in the limit of vanishing θ—the noncommutative parameter. As an example, we studied the free particle's propagator which turned out to be oscillating with period being the product of its mass and θ. Further, it satisfies the Pauli equation for a charged particle with its spin aligned to a constant, orthogonal B field in the ordinary Landau problem, thus providing an interesting evidence of how noncommutativity can induce spin-like effects at the quantum mechanical level.
This work presents a comprehensive study of the exotic Landau model in a two-dimensional noncommutative plane. Beginning with the classical formulation where two conserved quantities Pi\mathcal{P}_iPi​ and Ki\mathcal{K}_iKi​ are derived, we proceed to the quantum level where these lead to two independent oscillator representations generating bosonic Fock spaces ΓPΓ_{\mathcal{P}}ΓP​ and ΓKΓ_{\mathcal{K}}ΓK​. Coherent states satisfying all Klauder's criteria are explicitly constructed, and their physical properties including normalization, continuity, resolution of the identity, temporal stability, and action identity are rigorously proven. We further develop matrix vector coherent states and quaternionic vector coherent states, examining their mathematical structure and physical implications. Detailed calculations of the free particle propagator via path integrals, uncertainty relations, and time evolution of probability densities are provided.
Extension of Feynman's path integral to quantum mechanics of noncommuting spatial coordinates is considered. The corresponding formalism for noncommutative classical dynamics related to quadratic Lagrangians (Hamiltonians) is formulated. Our approach is based on the fact that a quantum-mechanical system with a noncommutative configuration space may be regarded as another effective system with commuting spatial coordinates. Since path integral for quadratic Lagrangians is exactly solvable and a general formula for probability amplitude exists, we restricted our research to this class of Lagrangians. We found general relation between quadratic Lagrangians in their commutative and noncommutative regimes. The corresponding noncommutative path integral is presented. This method is illustrated by two quantum-mechanical systems in the noncommutative plane: a particle in a constant field and a harmonic oscillator.