Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:0810.5427 · Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Investigation of cold rubidium Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap

Denis B. Tretyakov, Ilya I. Beterov, Vasily M. Entin, I. I. Ryabtsev, P. L. Chapovsky

Published Mar 1, 2009• 23 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

This paper reports on the results of experiments with cold rubidium Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap. The specific feature of the experiments is the excitation of Rydberg atoms in a small volume within a cloud of cold atoms and the sorting of measured signals and spectra according to the number of detected Rydberg atoms. The effective lifetime of the 37 P Rydberg state and its polarizability in a weak electric field are measured. The results obtained are in good agreement with theoretical calculations. It is demonstrated that the localization of the excitation volume in the vicinity of the zero-magnetic-field point makes it possible to improve the spectral resolution and to obtain narrow microwave resonances in Rydberg atoms without switching off the quadrupole magnetic field of the trap. The dependence of the amplitude of dipole-dipole interaction resonances in Rydberg atoms on the number of atoms is measured. This dependence exhibits a linear behavior and agrees with the theory for a weak dipole-dipole interaction.

DOI
10.1134/s1063776109030029

Related papers

Dipole-dipole interactions experiment with a few cold Rb Rydberg atoms

Vasily M. Entin, Denis B. Tretyakov, Ilya I. Beterov +1 more

The aim of this paper is to realize excitation in a small volume, development of diagnostic methods for cold Rydberg atoms, spectroscopy of the microwave transitions between Rydberg states in the presence of the magneto-optical trap (MOT) quadrupole magnetic field, as well as observation of dipole-dipole interaction of a small number of Rydberg atoms.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 1, 2009•0 citations

HIGH RESOLUTION MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY OF ULTRA COLD RYDBERG ATOMS AS A PROBE OF ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS

Parisa Bohlouli-Zanjani

In highly excited Rydberg atoms, the excited electron is in a large, loosely bound orbit. Hence, in contrast with the ground states, the Rydberg states are very sensitive to external electric field and can be ionized in rather weak fields. The low ionization threshold of Rydberg states results in effective state-specific detection by the selective field ionization technique. \t In this thesis, high-resolution spectroscopy of Rydberg states of Rubidium using millimeter wave transitions and selective field ionization has been used as a probe of external electric and magnetic fields. Laser cooling and trapping techniques in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) are employed to have a high density and narrow velocity distribution for the atomic sample. In this work the magnetic field inhomogeneity inherent in a MOT is minimized and the stray electric field present at the trap region is compensated in order to have resolved spectra. The Stark line broadening of the spectra obtained in this work may be used to determine the electric field distribution in an expanding ultra-cold neutral plasma.

•Jan 1, 2003•2 citations

Spectroscopy of cold rubidium Rydberg atoms for applications in quantum information

I. I. Ryabtsev, Ilya I. Beterov, Denis B. Tretyakov +2 more

Atoms in highly excited (Rydberg) states have a number of unique properties which make them attractive for applications in quantum information.These are large dipole moments, lifetimes and polarizabilities, as well as strong long-range interactions between Rydberg atoms.Experimental methods of laser cooling and precision spectroscopy enable the trapping and manipulation of single Rydberg atoms and applying them for practical implementation of quantum gates over qubits of a quantum computer based on single neutral atoms in optical traps.In this paper, we give a review of the experimental and theoretical work performed by the authors at the Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS and Novosibirsk State University on laser and microwave spectroscopy of cold Rb Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap and on their possible applications in quantum information.We also give a brief review of studies done by other groups in this area.

Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk•Jan 1, 2016•8 citations

Three-photon laser excitation of mesoscopic ensembles of cold rubidium Rydberg atoms

Elena A. Yakshina, Denis B. Tretyakov, Vasily M. Entin +2 more

The spectra of three-photon laser excitation (according to the 5 S 1/2 → 5 P 3/2 → 6 S 1/2 → 37 P 3/2 scheme) of mesoscopic ensembles of cold Rb Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap, using cw single-frequency lasers in each stage, have been investigated. The ensembles consisted of 1 to 5 atoms, and their presence was recorded by the selective field ionisation method with postselection according to the number of atoms. The dependence of the spectral shape on the excitation laser pulse duration has been studied. For 2-μs pulses, the minimum spectral width was found to be 1.3 MHz; it was determined by the laser linewidth and the spectral width of laser pulse. For pulses shorter than 0.5 μs, additional spectral broadening and occurrence of Rabi oscillations in the wings of three-photon resonances have been observed, a fact indicative of implementation of coherent three-photon laser excitation of Rydberg atoms. An analysis of the spectra within the four-level theoretical model based on optical Bloch equations showed good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results. The dependence of the shape of three-photon excitation spectrum on the number of recorded atoms was also studied. An increase in the average number of atoms leads to the occurrence of a dip in the single-atom excitation spectra; this dip is due to the specificity of the excitation and detection statistics of Rydberg atoms. The results obtained are important for applications of Rydberg atoms in quantum informatics.

Quantum Electronics•Oct 19, 2018•13 citations

Spectroscopy of cold rubidium Rydberg atoms for applications in quantum information

I. I. Ryabtsev, Ilya I. Beterov, Denis B. Tretyakov +2 more

Atoms in highly excited (Rydberg) states have a number of unique properties which make them attractive for applications in quantum information. These are large dipole moments, lifetimes and polarizabilities, as well as strong long-range interactions between Rydberg atoms. Experimental methods of laser cooling and precision spectroscopy enable the trapping and manipulation of single Rydberg atoms and applying them for practical implementation of quantum gates over qubits of a quantum computer based on single neutral atoms in optical traps. In this paper, we give a review of the experimental and theoretical work performed by the authors at the Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS and Novosibirsk State University on laser and microwave spectroscopy of cold Rb Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap and on their possible applications in quantum information. We also give a brief review of studies done by other groups in this area.

arXiv:1605.07398•Physics-Uspekhi•Feb 14, 2016•78 citations

Spectroscopic Observation of Resonant Electric Dipole-Dipole Interactions between Cold Rydberg Atoms

K. Afrousheh, Parisa Bohlouli-Zanjani, D. Vagale +3 more

Resonant electric dipole-dipole interactions between cold Rydberg atoms were observed using microwave spectroscopy. Laser-cooled 85Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap were optically excited to 45d(5/2) Rydberg states using a pulsed laser. A microwave pulse transferred a fraction of these Rydberg atoms to the 46p(3/2) state. A second microwave pulse then drove atoms in the 45d(5/2) state to the 46d(5/2) state, and was used as a probe of interatomic interactions. The spectral width of this two-photon probe transition was found to depend on the presence of the 46p(3/2) atoms, and is due to the resonant electric dipole-dipole interaction between 45d(5/2) and 46p(3/2) Rydberg atoms.

arXiv:physics/0411076•Physical Review Letters•Nov 30, 2004•126 citations
This paper reports on the results of experiments with cold rubidium Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap. The specific feature of the experiments is the excitation of Rydberg atoms in a small volume within a cloud of cold atoms and the sorting of measured signals and spectra according to the number of detected Rydberg atoms. The effective lifetime of the 37 P Rydberg state and its polarizability in a weak electric field are measured. The results obtained are in good agreement with theoretical calculations. It is demonstrated that the localization of the excitation volume in the vicinity of the zero-magnetic-field point makes it possible to improve the spectral resolution and to obtain narrow microwave resonances in Rydberg atoms without switching off the quadrupole magnetic field of the trap. The dependence of the amplitude of dipole-dipole interaction resonances in Rydberg atoms on the number of atoms is measured. This dependence exhibits a linear behavior and agrees with the theory for a weak dipole-dipole interaction.
In highly excited Rydberg atoms, the excited electron is in a large, loosely bound orbit. Hence, in contrast with the ground states, the Rydberg states are very sensitive to external electric field and can be ionized in rather weak fields. The low ionization threshold of Rydberg states results in effective state-specific detection by the selective field ionization technique. \t In this thesis, high-resolution spectroscopy of Rydberg states of Rubidium using millimeter wave transitions and selective field ionization has been used as a probe of external electric and magnetic fields. Laser cooling and trapping techniques in a magneto-optical trap (MOT) are employed to have a high density and narrow velocity distribution for the atomic sample. In this work the magnetic field inhomogeneity inherent in a MOT is minimized and the stray electric field present at the trap region is compensated in order to have resolved spectra. The Stark line broadening of the spectra obtained in this work may be used to determine the electric field distribution in an expanding ultra-cold neutral plasma.
Atoms in highly excited (Rydberg) states have a number of unique properties which make them attractive for applications in quantum information.These are large dipole moments, lifetimes and polarizabilities, as well as strong long-range interactions between Rydberg atoms.Experimental methods of laser cooling and precision spectroscopy enable the trapping and manipulation of single Rydberg atoms and applying them for practical implementation of quantum gates over qubits of a quantum computer based on single neutral atoms in optical traps.In this paper, we give a review of the experimental and theoretical work performed by the authors at the Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS and Novosibirsk State University on laser and microwave spectroscopy of cold Rb Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap and on their possible applications in quantum information.We also give a brief review of studies done by other groups in this area.
The spectra of three-photon laser excitation (according to the 5 S 1/2 → 5 P 3/2 → 6 S 1/2 → 37 P 3/2 scheme) of mesoscopic ensembles of cold Rb Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap, using cw single-frequency lasers in each stage, have been investigated. The ensembles consisted of 1 to 5 atoms, and their presence was recorded by the selective field ionisation method with postselection according to the number of atoms. The dependence of the spectral shape on the excitation laser pulse duration has been studied. For 2-μs pulses, the minimum spectral width was found to be 1.3 MHz; it was determined by the laser linewidth and the spectral width of laser pulse. For pulses shorter than 0.5 μs, additional spectral broadening and occurrence of Rabi oscillations in the wings of three-photon resonances have been observed, a fact indicative of implementation of coherent three-photon laser excitation of Rydberg atoms. An analysis of the spectra within the four-level theoretical model based on optical Bloch equations showed good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results. The dependence of the shape of three-photon excitation spectrum on the number of recorded atoms was also studied. An increase in the average number of atoms leads to the occurrence of a dip in the single-atom excitation spectra; this dip is due to the specificity of the excitation and detection statistics of Rydberg atoms. The results obtained are important for applications of Rydberg atoms in quantum informatics.
Atoms in highly excited (Rydberg) states have a number of unique properties which make them attractive for applications in quantum information. These are large dipole moments, lifetimes and polarizabilities, as well as strong long-range interactions between Rydberg atoms. Experimental methods of laser cooling and precision spectroscopy enable the trapping and manipulation of single Rydberg atoms and applying them for practical implementation of quantum gates over qubits of a quantum computer based on single neutral atoms in optical traps. In this paper, we give a review of the experimental and theoretical work performed by the authors at the Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS and Novosibirsk State University on laser and microwave spectroscopy of cold Rb Rydberg atoms in a magneto-optical trap and on their possible applications in quantum information. We also give a brief review of studies done by other groups in this area.
Resonant electric dipole-dipole interactions between cold Rydberg atoms were observed using microwave spectroscopy. Laser-cooled 85Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap were optically excited to 45d(5/2) Rydberg states using a pulsed laser. A microwave pulse transferred a fraction of these Rydberg atoms to the 46p(3/2) state. A second microwave pulse then drove atoms in the 45d(5/2) state to the 46d(5/2) state, and was used as a probe of interatomic interactions. The spectral width of this two-photon probe transition was found to depend on the presence of the 46p(3/2) atoms, and is due to the resonant electric dipole-dipole interaction between 45d(5/2) and 46p(3/2) Rydberg atoms.