We construct an explicit renormalization-group transformation for Levin and Wen's string-net models on a hexagonal lattice. The transformation leaves invariant the ground-state ``fixed-point'' wave function of the string-net condensed phase. Our construction also produces an exact representation of the wave function in terms of the multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA). This sets the stage for efficient numerical simulations of string-net models using MERA algorithms. It also provides an explicit quantum circuit to prepare the string-net ground-state wave function using a quantum computer.
We construct an explicit renormalization-group transformation for Levin and Wen's string-net models on a hexagonal lattice. The transformation leaves invariant the ground-state ``fixed-point'' wave function of the string-net condensed phase. Our construction also produces an exact representation of the wave function in terms of the multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA). This sets the stage for efficient numerical simulations of string-net models using MERA algorithms. It also provides an explicit quantum circuit to prepare the string-net ground-state wave function using a quantum computer.
Entanglement renormalization is a real-space renormalization group (RG) transformation for quantum many-body systems. It generates the multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA), a tensor network capable of efficiently describing a large class of many-body ground states, including those of systems at a quantum critical point or with topological order. The MERA has also been proposed to be a discrete realization of the holographic principle of string theory. Here we propose the use of symmetric tensors as a mechanism to build a symmetry-protected RG flow, and discuss two important applications of this construction. First, we argue that symmetry-protected entanglement renormalization produces the proper structure of RG fixed points, namely, a fixed-point for each symmetry-protected phase. Second, in the context of holography, we show that by using symmetric tensors, a global symmetry at the boundary becomes a local symmetry in the bulk, thus explicitly realizing in the MERA a characteristic feature of the AdS/CFT correspondence.
We show how to build a multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA) representation of the ground state of a many-body Hamiltonian H by applying the recently proposed tensor network renormalization [G. Evenbly and G. Vidal, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 180405 (2015)] to the Euclidean time evolution operator e(-βH) for infinite β. This approach bypasses the costly energy minimization of previous MERA algorithms and, when applied to finite inverse temperature β, produces a MERA representation of a thermal Gibbs state. Our construction endows tensor network renormalization with a renormalization group flow in the space of wave functions and Hamiltonians (and not merely in the more abstract space of tensors) and extends the MERA formalism to classical statistical systems.
In a recent contribution [P. Corboz, G. Evenbly, F. Verstraete, and G. Vidal, arXiv:0904.4151 (unpublished)] entanglement renormalization was generalized to fermionic lattice systems in two spatial dimensions. Entanglement renormalization is a real-space coarse-graining transformation for lattice systems that produces a variational ansatz, the multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA), for the ground states of local Hamiltonians. In this paper we describe in detail the fermionic version of the MERA formalism and algorithm. Starting from the bosonic MERA, which can be regarded both as a quantum circuit or in relation to a coarse-graining transformation, we indicate how the scheme needs to be modified to simulate fermions. To confirm the validity of the approach, we present benchmark results for free and interacting fermions on a square lattice with sizes between $6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}6$ and $162\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}162$ and with periodic boundary conditions. The present formulation of the approach applies to generic tensor network algorithms.
The multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA) postulates the existence of quantum circuits that renormalize entanglement in real space at different length scales. Chern insulators, however, cannot have scale-invariant discrete MERA circuits with a finite bond dimension. In this Letter, we show that the continuous MERA (cMERA), a modified version of MERA adapted for field theories, possesses a fixed point wave function with a nonzero Chern number. Additionally, it is well known that reversed MERA circuits can be used to prepare quantum states efficiently in time that scales logarithmically with the size of the system. However, state preparation via MERA typically requires the advent of a full-fledged universal quantum computer. In this Letter, we demonstrate that our cMERA circuit can potentially be realized in existing analog quantum computers, i.e., an ultracold atomic Fermi gas in an optical lattice with light-induced spin-orbit coupling.
We propose the use of entanglement renormalization techniques to study boundary critical phenomena on a lattice system. The multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA), in its scale invariant version, offers a very compact approximation to quantum critical ground states. Here we show that, by adding a boundary to the MERA, an accurate approximation to the ground state of a semi-infinite critical chain with an open boundary is obtained, from which one can extract boundary scaling operators and their scaling dimensions. As in Wilson's renormalization-group formulation of the Kondo problem, our construction produces, as a side result, an effective chain displaying explicit separation of energy scales. We present benchmark results for the quantum Ising and quantum XX models with free and fixed boundary conditions.
We establish a precise connection between discrete wavelet transforms and entanglement renormalization, a real-space renormalization group transformation for quantum systems on the lattice, in the context of free particle systems. Specifically, we employ Daubechies wavelets to build approximations to the ground state of the critical Ising model, then demonstrate that these states correspond to instances of the multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (MERA), producing the first known analytic MERA for critical systems.