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arXiv:0804.1367 · The European Physical Journal D

Influence of the Radio-Frequency source properties on RF-based atom traps

Olivier Morizot, Laurent Longchambon, R. Kollengode Easwaran, Romain Dubessy, E. Knyazchyan, Paul-Éric Pottie, V. Lorent, Hélène Perrin

Published Mar 18, 2008• 23 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1140/epjd/e2008-00050-2

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This thesis describes the design, construction, and testing of a radio frequency signal source for generating rapidly changing frequencies in a repeatable and phase continuous manner. The radio frequency (RF) signal is generated by a Direct Digital Synthesizer (DDS) which is controlled by a triggerable microprocessor unit which is itself remotely programmed through an Ethernet connection. Waveforms generated by the RF source can be used for direct RF evaporation or RF manipulation of magnetic trapping potentials for ultra-cold atoms on an atom chip. The ultimate objective of the project is to mix the RF signal with higher frequency carrier waves to generate microwaves for the manipulation of hyperfine states of ultra-cold atoms of potassium and rubidium.
A radio-frequency (RF) transition is used to convert a pure F = 2, m F = 2 87 Rb Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a TOP trap into a mixture of F = 2, m F = 2 and F = 2, m F = 1 states. We show that the nature of this coupling process is strongly influenced by the presence of the time-varying field of the TOP trap, and complicated by the presence of multiple Zeeman substates. In particular, the effective Rabi frequency associated with the applied RF field is not constant across the spatial extent of the cloud leading to a complex geometry for atom-laser output coupling and `averaging out' of Rabi oscillations. Further, a time-varying detuning can give rise to complex spatial structures.
We present a compact field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based pulse sequencer and radio-frequency (RF) generator suitable for experiments with cold trapped ions and atoms. The unit is capable of outputting a pulse sequence with at least 32 transistor-transistor logic (TTL) channels with a timing resolution of 40 ns and contains a built-in 100 MHz frequency counter for counting electrical pulses from a photo-multiplier tube. There are 16 independent direct-digital-synthesizers RF sources with fast (rise-time of ∼60 ns) amplitude switching and sub-mHz frequency tuning from 0 to 800 MHz.