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arXiv:0712.3712 · New Journal of Physics

Motion of Rydberg atoms induced by resonant dipole–dipole interactions

C Ates, A Eisfeld, Jan Michael Rost

Published Apr 30, 2008• 56 citations
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Abstract

We show that nuclear motion of Rydberg atoms can be induced by resonant dipole–dipole interactions that trigger the energy transfer between two energetically close Rydberg states. How and if the atoms move depends on their initial arrangement as well as on the initial electronic excitation. Using a mixed quantum/classical propagation scheme, we obtain the trajectories and kinetic energies of atoms, initially arranged in a regular chain and prepared in excitonic eigenstates. The influence of the off-diagonal disorder on the motion of the atoms is examined and it is shown that irregularity in the arrangement of the atoms can lead to an acceleration of the nuclear dynamics.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/10/4/045030

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AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2018•1 citation
We show that nuclear motion of Rydberg atoms can be induced by resonant dipole–dipole interactions that trigger the energy transfer between two energetically close Rydberg states. How and if the atoms move depends on their initial arrangement as well as on the initial electronic excitation. Using a mixed quantum/classical propagation scheme, we obtain the trajectories and kinetic energies of atoms, initially arranged in a regular chain and prepared in excitonic eigenstates. The influence of the off-diagonal disorder on the motion of the atoms is examined and it is shown that irregularity in the arrangement of the atoms can lead to an acceleration of the nuclear dynamics.
We show that nuclear motion of Rydberg atoms can be induced by resonant dipole–dipole interactions that trigger the energy transfer between two energetically close Rydberg states. How and if the atoms move depends on their initial arrangement as well as on the initial electronic excitation. Using a mixed quantum/classical propagation scheme, we obtain the trajectories and kinetic energies of atoms, initially arranged in a regular chain and prepared in excitonic eigenstates. The influence of the off-diagonal disorder on the motion of the atoms is examined and it is shown that irregularity in the arrangement of the atoms can lead to an acceleration of the nuclear dynamics.
We consider the interplay between excitonic and atomic motion in a regular, flexible chain of Rydberg atoms, extending our recent results on entanglement transport in Rydberg chains (Wüster et al 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 053004). In such a Rydberg chain, similar to molecular aggregates, an electronic excitation is delocalized due to long-range dipole–dipole interactions among the atoms. The transport of an exciton that is initially trapped by a chain dislocation is strongly coupled to nuclear dynamics, forming a localized pulse of combined excitation and displacement. This pulse transfers entanglement between dislocated atoms adiabatically along the chain. Details about the interaction and the preparation of the initial state are discussed. We also present evidence that the quantum dynamics of this complex many-body problem can be accurately described by selected quantum–classical methods, which greatly simplify investigations of excitation transport in flexible chains.
We consider the interplay between excitonic and atomic motion in a regular, flexible chain of Rydberg atoms, extending our recent results on entanglement transport in Rydberg chains (Wuster et al 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 053004). In such a Rydberg chain, similar to molecular aggregates, an electronic excitation is delocalized due to long-range dipole-dipole interactions among the atoms. The transport of an exciton that is initially trapped by a chain dislocation is strongly coupled to nuclear dynamics, forming a localized pulse of combined excitation and displacement. This pulse transfers entanglement between dislocated atoms adiabatically along the chain. Details about the interaction and the preparation of the initial state are discussed. We also present evidence that the quantum dynamics of this complex many-body problem can be accurately described by selected quantum-classical methods, which greatly simplify investigations of excitation transport in flexible chains.
In cold dense Rydberg atom samples, the dipole-dipole interaction strength is effectively resonant at the typical interatomic spacing in the sample, and the interaction has a 1/R3 dependence on interatomic spacing R. The dipole-dipole attraction leads to ionizing collisions of initially stationary atoms, which produces hot atoms and ions and initiates the evolution of initially cold samples of neutral Rydberg atoms into plasmas. More generally, the strong dipole-dipole forces lead to motion, which must be considered in proposed applications.
We consider two clouds of ground-state alkali atoms in two distinct hyperfine ground states. Each level is far off-resonantly coupled to a Rydberg state, which leads to dressed ground states with a weak admixture of the Rydberg state properties. Due to this admixture, for a proper choice of the Rydberg states, the atoms experience resonant dipole–dipole interactions that induce mechanical forces acting on all atoms within both clouds. This behaviour is in contrast to the dynamics predicted for bare dipole–dipole interactions between Rydberg superatoms, where only a single atom per cloud is subject to dipole–dipole induced motion (Möbius et al 2013 Phys. Rev. A 88 012716).
Results of numerical simulations for the resonant energy exchange phenomenon called Migration reaction between two cold Rydberg atoms are presented. The effect of spatial interatomic distance on the onset of peculiar coherent mechanism is investigated. Observation of Rabi-like population inversion oscillation at the resonance provides a clear signature of dipole induced exchange of electronic excitations between the atoms. Further we present the results for the dependence of expectation value of the interaction hamiltonian on the interatomic distance, which is responsible for energy exchange process. The results of this observation endorse the range of inter atomic distance within which the excitation exchange process occurs completely or partially. Migration process enhance the Rydberg-Rydberg interaction in the absence of an external field, under the condition of the zero permanent dipole moments. Our next observation sheds light on the fundamental mechanism of induced electric fields initiated by the oscillating dipoles in such energy exchange processes. We explore the dependence of induced electric field on the interatomic distance and angle between the dipoles highlighting the inverse power law dependence and anisotropic property of the field. We put forward an idea to utilise the coherent energy exchange process to build efficient and fast energy transfer channels by incorporating more atoms organised at successive distances with decreasing distance gradient.