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arXiv:0709.4057 · Brazilian Journal of Physics

On the quantum dynamics of non-commutative systems

Fábio S. Bemfica, H. O. Girotti

Published Jun 1, 2008• 7 citations

Abstract

This is a review paper concerned with the global consistency of the quantum dynamics of non-commutative systems. Our point of departure is the theory of constrained systems, since it provides a unified description of the classical and quantum dynamics for the models under investigation. We then elaborate on recently reported results concerned with the sufficient conditions for the existence of the Born series and unitarity and turn, afterwards, into analyzing the functional quantization of non-commutative systems. The compatibility between the operator and the functional approaches is established in full generality. The intricacies arising in connection with the explicit computation of path integrals, for the systems under scrutiny, is illustrated by presenting the detailed calculation of the Feynman kernel for the non-commutative two dimensional harmonic oscillator.

DOI: 10.1590/s0103-97332008000200004

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This is a review paper concerned with the global consistency of the quantum dynamics of non-commutative systems. Our point of departure is the theory of constrained systems, since it provides a unified description of the classical and quantum dynamics for the models under investigation. We then elaborate on recently reported results concerned with the sufficient conditions for the existence of the Born series and unitarity and turn, afterwards, into analyzing the functional quantization of non-commutative systems. The compatibility between the operator and the functional approaches is established in full generality. The intricacies arising in connection with the explicit computation of path integrals, for the systems under scrutiny, is illustrated by presenting the detailed calculation of the Feynman kernel for the non-commutative two dimensional harmonic oscillator.

We consider Feynman's path integral approach to quantum mechanics with a noncommutativity in position and momentum sectors of the phase space. We show that a quantum-mechanical system with this kind of noncommutativity is equivalent to the another one with usual commutative coordinates and momenta. We found connection between quadratic classical Hamiltonians, as well as Lagrangians, in their commutative and noncommutative regimes. The general procedure to compute Feynman's path integral on this noncommutative phase space with quadratic Lagrangians (Hamiltonians) is presented. Using this approach, a particle in a constant field, ordinary and inverted harmonic oscillators are elaborated in detail.

Extension of Feynman's path integral to quantum mechanics of noncommuting spatial coordinates is considered. The corresponding formalism for noncommutative classical dynamics related to quadratic Lagrangians (Hamiltonians) is formulated. Our approach is based on the fact that a quantum-mechanical system with a noncommutative configuration space may be regarded as another effective system with commuting spatial coordinates. Since path integral for quadratic Lagrangians is exactly solvable and a general formula for probability amplitude exists, we restricted our research to this class of Lagrangians. We found general relation between quadratic Lagrangians in their commutative and noncommutative regimes. The corresponding noncommutative path integral is presented. This method is illustrated by two quantum-mechanical systems in the noncommutative plane: a particle in a constant field and a harmonic oscillator.

The Lagrangian formulation of quantum dynamics in terms of path-integrals due to Feynman describes systems for which the Hamiltonian is classical in form and quantization is carried out in terms of commutators rather than anticommutators. The difficulty with the Feynman method is the actual evaluation of the pathintegral itself. An explicit evaluation is given for classical wave motion in one dimension. This requires an extension of the Feynman method which was introduced by Tobocman and studied in detail by Davies. The work of Corson on the question of a unified formulation of dynamics is discussed. (Author)

Noncommutative quantum mechanics can be viewed as a quantum system represented in the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators acting on noncommutative configuration space. Taking this as a departure point, we formulate a coherent state approach to the path-integral representation of the transition amplitude. From this we derive an action for a particle moving in the noncommutative plane and in the presence of an arbitrary potential. We find that this action is nonlocal in time. However, this nonlocality can be removed by introducing an auxilary field, which leads to a second class constrained system that yields the noncommutative Heisenberg algebra upon quantization. Using this action, the propagator of the free particle and harmonic oscillator are computed explicitly.

Abstract We develop an approach using coherent states and path integral to investigate the dynamics of entanglement in a simple two-dimensional non-commutative harmonic oscillator. We start by employing a Bopp shift to convert the Hamiltonian describing the system into a commutative equivalent one. This allows us to construct coherent states and calculate the propagator in standard way. By deriving the explicit expression of the time-dependent coherent states and considering its connection with the number states, we provide exact results for evaluating the degree of entanglement between the ground state and any excited state through the purity function. The interesting emerging result is that, as long as the non-commutativity parameter is non-zero, our system exhibits the phenomenon of collapse and revival of entanglement.