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arXiv:0708.3555 · Physical Review B

Weakly anisotropic frustrated zigzag spin chain

Д. В. Дмитриев, V. Ya. Krivnov

Published Jan 2, 2008• 48 citations
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Abstract

The frustrated spin-$1∕2$ model with weakly anisotropic ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor and antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor exchanges is studied with use of variational mean-field approach, scaling estimates of the infrared divergencies in the perturbation theory and finite-size calculations. The ground-state phase diagram of this model contains three phases: the ferromagnetic phase, the commensurate spin-fluid phase, and the incommensurate phase. The nontrivial behavior of the boundaries between these phases and the character of the phase transitions in case of weak anisotropy are determined.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.77.024401

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The frustrated spin-1∕21∕21∕2 model with weakly anisotropic ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor and antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor exchanges is studied with use of variational mean-field approach, scaling estimates of the infrared divergencies in the perturbation theory and finite-size calculations. The ground-state phase diagram of this model contains three phases: the ferromagnetic phase, the commensurate spin-fluid phase, and the incommensurate phase. The nontrivial behavior of the boundaries between these phases and the character of the phase transitions in case of weak anisotropy are determined.
We calculate the quantum phase diagram of an XXZ chain with nearest-neighbor (NN) J1{J}_{1}J1​ and next-NN exchange J2{J}_{2}J2​ with anisotropies ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{1}$ and ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{2},$ respectively. In particular we consider the case ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{1}=\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{2},$ to interpolate between the XX chain $({\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{i}=0)$ and the isotropic model with ferromagnetic phase J2.{J}_{2}.J2​. For ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{1}<\ensuremath{-}1,$ a ferromagnetic phase and two antiferromagnetic phases exist. For $|{\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{i}|<1,$ the boundary between the dimer and spin fluid phases is determined by the method of crossing of excitation spectra. For large J2/J1,{J}_{2}{/J}_{1},J2​/J1​, this method seems to indicate the existence of a second spin fluid critical phase. However, an analysis of the spin stiffness and magnetic susceptibility for ${\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{1}={\ensuremath{\Delta}}_{2}=1$ suggests that a small gap is present.
The frustrated ferromagnetic spin-1∕21∕21∕2 Heisenberg chain is studied by means of a low-energy field theory as well as the density-matrix renormalization group and exact diagonalization methods. First, we study the ground-state phase diagram in a magnetic field and find an ``even-odd'' (EO) phase characterized by bound pairs of magnons in the region of two weakly coupled antiferromagnetic chains. A jump in the magnetization curves signals a first-order transition at the boundary of the EO phase, but otherwise the curves are smooth. Second, we discuss thermodynamic properties at zero field, where we confirm a double-peak structure in the specific heat for moderate frustrating next-nearest-neighbor interactions.
By using the density matrix renormalization group(DMRG) method,the author investigates the diagram of the one-dimensional frustrated anisotropic ferromagnetic S=1 Heisenberg spin model,in which the nearest neighboring interactions are anisotropic ferromagnetic and the next nearest neighboring exchanges are considerable anti-ferromagnetic.The ground state energy and both the in-plane and out-of-plane spin correlation functions are calculated.Apart from the ferromagnetic phase and the spin-fluid phase in the small frustration region,but in the large frustration region,it is identified that spin correlations decay with a short-range exponential law and an oscillating behavior.The result is different from the previous result for S=1/2.
In this work the ordering processes in classical frustrated Ising models and the ground-state behavior of frustrated quantum spin models are investigated. In the first part the phase transition from a high-temperature paramagnetic phase to a antiferromagnetic ground state is analyzed for the square-lattice Ising model with competing antiferromagnetic interactions between nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor spins. In the case of spatially isotropic interactions the phase transition to a collinear state is of special interest. Using Monte-Carlo simulations on finite lattices as well as field-theoretical methods for the continuous model it is shown that depending on the frustration three different sectors can be distinguished that show (i) Ising-universal behavior (ii) Ashkin-Teller-like non-universal behavior (varying critical exponents) and (iii) non-critical first-order behavior. For spatially anisotropic interactions the emergence of an intermediate incommensurate phase is verified by means of Monte-Carlo simulations which has been predicted by earlier mean-field calculations. The nature of this phase is studied analyzing spin-spin correlation functions and its ordering wave-vector reveals a strong temperature and size dependence. In the second part the influence of quantum fluctuations on classical antiferromagnetic ground states are investigated in anisotropic quantum spin-1/2 Heisenberg models with competing interactions. Using quantum Monte-Carlo simulations, exact diagonalization and perturbation theory the ground-state phase diagrams are calculated for a square lattice with nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor interactions and a honeycomb lattice with up to third-nearest-neighbor interactions whereby the fluctuations are chosen to be non-frustrating. For both cases the stability regions of classical magnetic states are identified and an intermediate phase is detected that shows no sign of long-range magnetic order. Further calculations also rule out valence-bond-crystal or topological order for this state, thus a quantum disordered ground state is stabilized in these models.
We study the phase diagram, ground-state properties, and excitation gaps of a frustrated spin-Peierls chain, i.e., a spin-Peierls chain with both nearest-neighbor exchange J1{\mathit{J}}_{1}J1​ and next-nearest-neighbor exchange J2{\mathit{J}}_{2}J2​. The phase diagram is calculated using a bosonization renormalization-group method. We propose a bond-operator mean-field approximation to calculate the ground-state properties and excitation gaps.
Several exactly solvable quantum spin models with incommensurate magnetic structures, which manifest quantum phase transitions between incommensurate and commensurate phases, are proposed. The ground-state and thermodynamic characteristics of these quantum spin antiferromagnetic models with the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya antisymmetric exchange interaction and spin-frustrating next-nearest-neighbor, three-spin, and four-spin (ring exchange) interactions are exactly studied. We investigated the ground state phases of the considered models, as function of the magnetic anisotropy, Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction, next-nearest-neighbor coupling constants, and external magnetic field. Several quantum phase transitions between magnetically incommensurate phases and between incommensurate and ferromagnetic phases are predicted, and the behavior of thermodynamic characteristics of those models at phase transitions is studied. We have shown that for models with chiral three-spin interactions the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya coupling yields the onset of the weak ferromagnetism, similar to three-dimensional ordered antiferromagnets, but not present in other quantum spin chains with the antisymmetric exchange. Considered models appeared to be important for several quasi-one-dimensional spin systems, studied in recent experiments.