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arXiv:0707.3259 · Communications in Theoretical Physics

Generalized Harmonic Oscillator and the Schrödinger Equation with Position-Dependent Mass

Ju Guo-Xing, Cai Chang-Ying, Zhongzhou Ren

Published May 1, 2009• 15 citations
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Abstract

We study the generalized harmonic oscillator that has both the position-dependent mass and the potential depending on the form of mass function in a more general framework. The explicit expressions of the eigenvalue and eigenfunction for such a system are given, they have the same forms as those for the usual harmonic oscillator with constant mass. The coherent state and its properties for the system with PDM are also discussed. We give the corresponding effective potentials for several mass functions, the systems with such potentials are isospectral to the usual harmonic oscillator.

DOI
10.1088/0253-6102/51/5/08

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We study the generalized harmonic oscillator that has both the position-dependent mass and the potential depending on the form of mass function in a more general framework. The explicit expressions of the eigenvalue and eigenfunction for such a system are given, they have the same forms as those for the usual harmonic oscillator with constant mass. The coherent state and its properties for the system with PDM are also discussed. We give the corresponding effective potentials for several mass functions, the systems with such potentials are isospectral to the usual harmonic oscillator.
The Schrodinger equation with position-dependent mass (PDM) becomes one of interesting subjects in the study of quantum systems, because of its wide applications in many physical problems. Meanwhile, harmonic oscillator becomes important model in most physical problems. In this paper, analytical solutions of the PDM Schrodinger equation, i.e. energy eigenvalues En and eigenfunctions , of a one dimensional harmonic oscillator system using transformation method has been studied. The results showed that there was no difference between the energy eigenvalues, En of the harmonic oscillator systems with and without PDM, whereas it is not for the eigenfunctions,  of these two harmonic oscillator systems. This difference was due to the presence of dimensionless mass function  and the changes of x becomes  variable for the eigenfunctions of the harmonic oscillator system with PDM.  Moreover, the differences in the eigenfunctions will affect the dynamical properties of the quantum systems. It can be concluded that the harmonic oscillator system with PDM is the generalization of the harmonic oscillator system with constant mass.
Using the coordinate transformation method, we solve the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with position-dependent mass(PDM). The explicit expressions for the potentials, energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the systems are given. The eigenfunctions can be expressed in terms of the Jacobi, Hemite and generalized Laguerre polynomials. All potentials for these solvable systems have an extra term VmV_mVm​ which produced from the dependence of mass on the coordinate, compared with that for the systems of constant mass. The properties of VmV_mVm​ for several mass functions are discussed.
One of the most important scientific contributions of Professor Marcos Moshinsky has been his study on the harmonic oscillator in quantum theory vis à vis the standard Schrödinger equation with constant mass [1].However, a simple description of the motion of a particle interacting with an external environment such as happen in compositionally graded alloys consist of replacing the mass by the so-called effective mass that is in general variable and dependent on position.Therefore, honoring in memoriam Marcos Moshinsky, in this work we consider the position-dependent mass Schrodinger equations (PDMSE) for the harmonic oscillator potential model as former potential as well as with equi-spaced spectrum solutions, i.e. harmonic oscillator isospectral partners.To that purpose, the point canonical transformation method to convert a general second order differential equation (DE), of Sturm-Liouville type, into a Schrödinger-like standard equation is applied to the PDMSE.In that case, the former potential associated to the PDMSE and the potential involved in the Schrödinger-like standard equation are related through a Riccati-type relationship that includes the equivalent of the Witten superpotential to determine the exactly solvable positions-dependent mass distribution (PDMD) m(x).Even though the proposed approach is exemplified with the harmonic oscillator potential, the procedure is general and can be straightforwardly applied to other DEs.
Using the coordinate transformation method, we solve the one-dimensional Schrödinger equation with position-dependent mass. The explicit expressions for the potentials, energy eigenvalues, and eigenfunctions of the systems are given. The eigenfunctions can be expressed in terms of the Jacobi, Hermite, and generalized Laguerre polynomials. All potentials for these solvable systems have an extra term V m , which is produced from the dependence of mass on the position, compared with those for the systems of constant mass. The properties of V m for several mass functions are discussed.
Abstract Quantum chemical systems with a position‐dependent mass have attracted the attention due to their relevance in describing the features of many microstructures of current interest. In this work, the point canonical transformation method applied to Schrödinger equations with a position‐dependent mass (SEPDM) is presented. Essentially, the proposal is aimed to transform the Schrödinger equation with a position‐dependent mass into a standard Schrödinger‐like equation for constant mass in such a way that the position‐dependent mass distribution (PDMD) becomes incorporated into the effective potential. As an useful application of the proposal, it is considered as effective potential the one‐dimensional harmonic oscillator potential model, which leads to those isospectral potentials related to different forms of PDMD. For example, the exactly solvable isospectral potentials involved in the SEPDM for some PDMD such as , , , , , xα, and , are worked out explicitly including their raising and lowering operators that factorize the SEPDM for each PDMD allowing HO eigenvalues. However, the proposal is general and can be straightforwardly applied to other effective potential models as well as other PDMD that could be useful in quantum chemical applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2008