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arXiv:0705.3036 · New Journal of Physics

Feshbach resonances in ultracold39K

Chiara D’Errico, Matteo Zaccanti, M. Fattori, G. Roati, M. Inguscio, Giovanni Carlo Modugno, Andrea Simoni

Published Jul 11, 2007• 197 citations
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Abstract

We discover several magnetic Feshbach resonances in collisions of ultracold K(39) atoms, by studying atom losses and molecule formation. Accurate determination of the magnetic-field resonance locations allows us to optimize a quantum collision model for potassium isotopes. We employ the model to predict the magnetic-field dependence of scattering lengths and of near-threshold molecular levels. Our findings will be useful to plan future experiments on ultracold potassium atoms and molecules.

DOI
10.1088/1367-2630/9/7/223

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•Jan 1, 2015•1 citation
We discover several magnetic Feshbach resonances in collisions of ultracold K(39) atoms, by studying atom losses and molecule formation. Accurate determination of the magnetic-field resonance locations allows us to optimize a quantum collision model for potassium isotopes. We employ the model to predict the magnetic-field dependence of scattering lengths and of near-threshold molecular levels. Our findings will be useful to plan future experiments on ultracold potassium atoms and molecules.
We report results from close-coupling calculations for homonuclear ultracold collisions between potassium atoms, using the most up-to-date Born-Oppenheimer potential curves. The present study includes both of the bosonic isotopes 39K^{39}\mathrm{K}39K and 41K^{41}\mathrm{K}41K. The sss-wave scattering lengths as functions of the magnetic field strength for collisions between atoms in identical and different hyperfine states are obtained. Several Feshbach resonances are located and characterized for both isotopes. Comparison with experiments, where such data are available, show excellent agreement. We also study weakly bound molecular states of the K2{\mathrm{K}}_{2}K2​ molecule in close relation to the calculated Feshbach resonances. Another objective of the present work is to study inelastic collisions in which the hyperfine states of the colliding atoms are changed. From this type of calculation we obtain transition rates as functions of the magnetic field strength. Finally, we discuss how such transition rates might be of importance for experimental work.
We perform extensive magnetic Feshbach spectroscopy of an ultracold mixture of fermionic 40K^{40}\mathrm{K}40K and bosonic 87Rb^{87}\mathrm{Rb}87Rb atoms. The magnetic-field locations of 13 interspecies resonances are used to construct a quantum collision model able to predict accurate collisional parameters for all $\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Rb}$ isotopic pairs. In particular, we determine the interspecies sss-wave singlet and triplet scattering lengths for the $^{40}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ mixture as $(\ensuremath{-}108\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3){a}_{0}$ and $(\ensuremath{-}205\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5){a}_{0}$, respectively. We also predict accurate scattering lengths and the position of Feshbach resonances for the other $\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Rb}$ isotopic pairs. We discuss the consequences of our results for current and future experiments with ultracold $\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Rb}$ mixtures.
We present a detailed study of the scattering properties of ultracold mixtures of bosonic potassium atoms. We locate 20 previously unobserved Feshbach resonances in isotopic $^{39}\mathrm{K}\text{\ensuremath{-}}^{41}\mathrm{K}$ mixtures. These are assigned to sss-wave molecular channels by comparison to an asymptotic bound state model and coupled-channel calculations. Additional Feshbach resonances are studied in spin mixtures of a single potassium isotope, both in 39K^{39}\mathrm{K}39K and 41K^{41}\mathrm{K}41K. In particular, we characterize the parameters of a selected 39K^{39}\mathrm{K}39K Feshbach resonance by radio-frequency association of Feshbach molecules. Our results could be exploited to refine the model potentials for potassium scattering. Furthermore, these new Feshbach resonances enlarge the range of experiments possible with degenerate Bose-Bose mixtures.
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This thesis reports on calculations of the scattering properties of a variety of ultracold alkali-metal mixtures. In particular, we have calculated the scattering properties of homonuclear mixtures of 85Rb, in a variety of incoming channels, and we have calculated the properties of heteronuclear mixtures of the isotopologues of Rb and Cs, and K and Cs. In general, we are interested in the location and character of Feshbach resonances in these mixtures with a view towards ultracold molecule formation. In 85Rb there is a rich Feshbach structure and potential uses for the resonances that we find, in the scattering lengths of the various incoming channels, are discussed. In 85RbCs there is a rich Feshbach structure and the prospects for ultracold molecule formation using this system are detailed. Similarly, we detail the Feshbach resonances of 87RbCs and discuss our results in the context of the successful formation of ultracold ground-state molecules. In the isotopologues of KCs each system has a rich Feshbach structure and we detail the location and width of the resonances, as well as the potential for ultracold molecule formation using each of the isotopes of potassium. In addition to scattering calculations, we have also calculated the location and character of the highest-lying bound states of each system. We have investigated the energy dependence of the scattering length using accurate coupled-channel calculations on 6Li, 39K and 133Cs to explore the behaviour of the effective range in the vicinity of both broad and narrow Feshbach resonances. We present an alternative parametrization of the effective range and further demonstrate that an analytical form of an energy and magnetic field-dependent phase shift, based on multichannel quantum defect theory, gives accurate results for the energy-dependent scattering length. Lastly, we examine the effect of additional external fields on alkali-metal collisions and discuss how external fields can be used to manipulate the interaction properties of a system.