Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:0704.3010 · Physical Review A

Ground-state magneto-optical resonances in cesium vapor confined in an extremely thin cell

C. Andreeva, Aigars Atvars, Marcis P. Auzinsh, Kaspars Blushs, S. Cartaleva, L. Petrov, Dimitar G. Slavov

Published Dec 10, 2007• 17 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Experimental and theoretical studies are presented related to the ground-state magneto-optical resonance observed in cesium vapor confined in an extremely thin cell (ETC), with thickness equal to the wavelength of the irradiating light. It is shown that utilization of the ETC allows one to examine the formation of a magneto-optical resonance on the individual hyperfine transitions, thus distinguishing processes resulting in dark (reduced absorption) or bright (enhanced absorption) resonance formation. We report experimental evidence of bright magneto-optical resonance sign reversal in Cs atoms confined in an ETC. A theoretical model is proposed based on the optical Bloch equations that involves the elastic interaction processes of atoms in the ETC with its walls, resulting in depolarization of the Cs excited state, which is polarized by the exciting radiation. This depolarization leads to the sign reversal of the bright resonance. Using the proposed model, the magneto-optical resonance amplitude and width as a function of laser power are calculated and compared with the experimental ones. The numerical results are in good agreement with those of experiment.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.76.063804

Related papers

Bright magneto-optical resonance sign reversal in Cs vapour confined in an extremely thin cell

Aigars Atvars, Marcis P. Auzinsh, Kristaps Bluss +5 more

An extremely thin cell (ETC) was used to analyse ground state effects of Cs atoms excited by laser light and placed in a magnetic field that was scanned around zero. The advantage of using the ETC is the possibility to separate the hf transitions, which are overlapped in ordinary cells, as a result of the spatial anisotropy of the atom-light interaction. Cs atoms were irradiated by circularly/linearly polarized light at lambda~852 nm, and the dependence of absorption on the external magnetic field was measured.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 1, 2007•0 citations

Nonlinear magneto-optical resonances at D1 excitation of Rb85 and Rb87 in an extremely thin cell

Marcis P. Auzinsh, R. Ferber, F. Gahbauer +4 more

Nonlinear magneto-optical resonances have been measured in an extremely thin cell (ETC) for the ${D}_{1}$ transition of rubidium in an atomic vapor of natural isotopic composition. All hyperfine transitions of both isotopes have been studied for a wide range of laser power densities, laser detunings, and ETC wall separations. Dark resonances in the laser induced fluorescence (LIF) were observed as expected when the ground-state total angular momentum ${F}_{g}$ was greater than or equal to the excited-state total angular momentum ${F}_{e}$. Unlike the case of ordinary cells, the width and contrast of dark resonances formed in the ETC dramatically depended on the detuning of the laser from the exact atomic transition. A theoretical model based on the optical Bloch equations was applied to calculate the shapes of the resonance curves. The model, which had been developed previously for ordinary vapor cells, averaged over the contributions from different atomic velocity groups, considered all neighboring hyperfine transitions, took into account the splitting and mixing of magnetic sublevels in an external magnetic field, and included a detailed treatment of the coherence properties of the laser radiation. Such a theoretical approach had successfully described nonlinear magneto-optical resonances in ordinary vapor cells. However, to describe the resonances in the ETC, key parameters such as the ground-state relaxation rate, excited-state relaxation rate, Doppler width, and Rabi frequency had to be modified significantly in accordance with the ETC's unique features. The level of agreement between the measured and calculated resonance curves achieved for the ETC was similar to what could be accomplished for ordinary cells. However, in the case of the ETC, it was necessary to fine-tune parameters such as the background and the Rabi frequency for different transitions, whereas for the ordinary cells, these parameters were identical for all transitions.

arXiv:0909.5081•Physical Review A•Mar 17, 2010•10 citations

F -resolved magneto-optical resonances in the D1 excitation of cesium: Experiment and theory

Marcis P. Auzinsh, R. Ferber, F. Gahbauer +2 more

Bright and dark nonlinear magneto-optical resonances associated with the ground state Hanle effect have been studied experimentally and theoretically for ${D}_{1}$ excitation of atomic cesium. This system offers the advantage that the separation between the different hyperfine levels exceeds the Doppler width, and hence transitions between individual levels can be studied separately. At the same time, the system retains the advantages offered by ordinary glass cells, including simplicity and subnatural width Hanle resonances. Experimental measurements for various laser power densities and transit relaxation times are compared with a model based on the optical Bloch equations, which averages over the Doppler contour of the absorption line and simultaneously takes into account all hyperfine levels, as well as mixing of magnetic sublevels in an external magnetic field. In contrast to previous studies, which could not resolve the hyperfine transitions because of Doppler broadening, in this study there is excellent agreement between experiment and theory regarding the sign (bright or dark), contrast and width of the resonance. The results support the traditional theoretical interpretation, according to which these effects are related to the relative strengths of transition probabilities between different magnetic sublevels in a given hyperfine transition.

arXiv:0803.0201•Physical Review A•Jul 23, 2008•26 citations

Relaxation mechanisms affecting magneto-optical resonances in an extremely thin cell: Experiment and theory for the cesium D1 line

Marcis P. Auzinsh, Andris Bērziņš, R. Ferber +5 more

We have measured magneto-optical signals obtained by exciting the ${D}_{1}$ line of cesium atoms confined to an extremely thin cell (ETC), whose walls are separated by less than $1\ensuremath{\mu}\text{m}$, and developed an improved theoretical model to describe these signals with experimental precision. The theoretical model was based on the optical Bloch equations and included all neighboring hyperfine transitions, the mixing of the magnetic sublevels in an external magnetic field, and the Doppler effect, as in previous studies. However, in order to model the extreme conditions in the ETC more realistically, the model was extended to include a unified treatment of transit relaxation and wall collisions with relaxation rates that were obtained directly from the thermal velocities of the atoms and the length scales involved. Furthermore, the interactions of the atoms with different regions of the laser beam were modeled separately to account for the varying laser beam intensity over the beam profile as well as saturation effects that become important near the center of the beam at the relatively high laser intensities used during the experiments in order to obtain measurable signals. The model described the experimentally measured signals for laser intensities for magnetic fields up to 55 G and laser intensities up to $1{\text{W/cm}}^{2}$ with excellent agreement.

arXiv:1411.2750•Physical Review A•Feb 10, 2015•7 citations

Coherent Population Trapping Resonances in Cs Atomic Vapor Layers of Micrometric Thickness

A. Krasteva, Dimitar G. Slavov, S. Cartaleva

We report on a novel behavior of the electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) resonance observed on theD2line of Cs for atoms confined in cells with micrometric thickness. With the enhancement of light intensity, the EIA resonance amplitude suffers from fast reduction, and even at very low intensity (W < 1 mW/cm2), resonance sign reversal takes place and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance is observed. Similar EIA resonance transformation to EIT one is not observed in conventional cm-size cells. A theoretical model is proposed to analyze the physical processes behind the EIA resonance sign reversal with light intensity. The model involves elastic interactions between Cs atoms as well as elastic interaction of atom micrometric-cell windows, both resulting in depolarization of excited state which can lead to the new observations. The effect of excited state depolarization is confirmed also by the fluorescence (absorption) spectra measurement in micrometric cells with different thicknesses.

International Journal of Optics•Jan 1, 2011•4 citations

Influence of spontaneous emission transfer on the resonances of interaction of laser radiation with alkali atoms confined in an extremely thin cell

G. Todorov, Vladimir A. Polischuk, A. Krasteva +3 more

The nonlinear absorption and fluorescence spectra of 133 Cs vapours confined to the extremely thin cell are computed in the framework of perturbation theory regarding to the intensity of the laser light illumination. The amplitude as well as the sign of the longitudinal alignment of the ground state is shown to be defined by the spontaneous decay of the upper level. The sign and the magnitude of the nonlinear absorption resonance on the closed optical transition are shown to be defined by this process as well.

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Feb 1, 2017•0 citations
Experimental and theoretical studies are presented related to the ground-state magneto-optical resonance observed in cesium vapor confined in an extremely thin cell (ETC), with thickness equal to the wavelength of the irradiating light. It is shown that utilization of the ETC allows one to examine the formation of a magneto-optical resonance on the individual hyperfine transitions, thus distinguishing processes resulting in dark (reduced absorption) or bright (enhanced absorption) resonance formation. We report experimental evidence of bright magneto-optical resonance sign reversal in Cs atoms confined in an ETC. A theoretical model is proposed based on the optical Bloch equations that involves the elastic interaction processes of atoms in the ETC with its walls, resulting in depolarization of the Cs excited state, which is polarized by the exciting radiation. This depolarization leads to the sign reversal of the bright resonance. Using the proposed model, the magneto-optical resonance amplitude and width as a function of laser power are calculated and compared with the experimental ones. The numerical results are in good agreement with those of experiment.
An extremely thin cell (ETC) was used to analyse ground state effects of Cs atoms excited by laser light and placed in a magnetic field that was scanned around zero. The advantage of using the ETC is the possibility to separate the hf transitions, which are overlapped in ordinary cells, as a result of the spatial anisotropy of the atom-light interaction. Cs atoms were irradiated by circularly/linearly polarized light at lambda~852 nm, and the dependence of absorption on the external magnetic field was measured.
Nonlinear magneto-optical resonances have been measured in an extremely thin cell (ETC) for the D1{D}_{1}D1​ transition of rubidium in an atomic vapor of natural isotopic composition. All hyperfine transitions of both isotopes have been studied for a wide range of laser power densities, laser detunings, and ETC wall separations. Dark resonances in the laser induced fluorescence (LIF) were observed as expected when the ground-state total angular momentum Fg{F}_{g}Fg​ was greater than or equal to the excited-state total angular momentum Fe{F}_{e}Fe​. Unlike the case of ordinary cells, the width and contrast of dark resonances formed in the ETC dramatically depended on the detuning of the laser from the exact atomic transition. A theoretical model based on the optical Bloch equations was applied to calculate the shapes of the resonance curves. The model, which had been developed previously for ordinary vapor cells, averaged over the contributions from different atomic velocity groups, considered all neighboring hyperfine transitions, took into account the splitting and mixing of magnetic sublevels in an external magnetic field, and included a detailed treatment of the coherence properties of the laser radiation. Such a theoretical approach had successfully described nonlinear magneto-optical resonances in ordinary vapor cells. However, to describe the resonances in the ETC, key parameters such as the ground-state relaxation rate, excited-state relaxation rate, Doppler width, and Rabi frequency had to be modified significantly in accordance with the ETC's unique features. The level of agreement between the measured and calculated resonance curves achieved for the ETC was similar to what could be accomplished for ordinary cells. However, in the case of the ETC, it was necessary to fine-tune parameters such as the background and the Rabi frequency for different transitions, whereas for the ordinary cells, these parameters were identical for all transitions.
Bright and dark nonlinear magneto-optical resonances associated with the ground state Hanle effect have been studied experimentally and theoretically for D1{D}_{1}D1​ excitation of atomic cesium. This system offers the advantage that the separation between the different hyperfine levels exceeds the Doppler width, and hence transitions between individual levels can be studied separately. At the same time, the system retains the advantages offered by ordinary glass cells, including simplicity and subnatural width Hanle resonances. Experimental measurements for various laser power densities and transit relaxation times are compared with a model based on the optical Bloch equations, which averages over the Doppler contour of the absorption line and simultaneously takes into account all hyperfine levels, as well as mixing of magnetic sublevels in an external magnetic field. In contrast to previous studies, which could not resolve the hyperfine transitions because of Doppler broadening, in this study there is excellent agreement between experiment and theory regarding the sign (bright or dark), contrast and width of the resonance. The results support the traditional theoretical interpretation, according to which these effects are related to the relative strengths of transition probabilities between different magnetic sublevels in a given hyperfine transition.
We have measured magneto-optical signals obtained by exciting the D1{D}_{1}D1​ line of cesium atoms confined to an extremely thin cell (ETC), whose walls are separated by less than $1\ensuremath{\mu}\text{m}$, and developed an improved theoretical model to describe these signals with experimental precision. The theoretical model was based on the optical Bloch equations and included all neighboring hyperfine transitions, the mixing of the magnetic sublevels in an external magnetic field, and the Doppler effect, as in previous studies. However, in order to model the extreme conditions in the ETC more realistically, the model was extended to include a unified treatment of transit relaxation and wall collisions with relaxation rates that were obtained directly from the thermal velocities of the atoms and the length scales involved. Furthermore, the interactions of the atoms with different regions of the laser beam were modeled separately to account for the varying laser beam intensity over the beam profile as well as saturation effects that become important near the center of the beam at the relatively high laser intensities used during the experiments in order to obtain measurable signals. The model described the experimentally measured signals for laser intensities for magnetic fields up to 55 G and laser intensities up to 1W/cm21{\text{W/cm}}^{2}1W/cm2 with excellent agreement.
We report on a novel behavior of the electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) resonance observed on theD2line of Cs for atoms confined in cells with micrometric thickness. With the enhancement of light intensity, the EIA resonance amplitude suffers from fast reduction, and even at very low intensity (W < 1 mW/cm2), resonance sign reversal takes place and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance is observed. Similar EIA resonance transformation to EIT one is not observed in conventional cm-size cells. A theoretical model is proposed to analyze the physical processes behind the EIA resonance sign reversal with light intensity. The model involves elastic interactions between Cs atoms as well as elastic interaction of atom micrometric-cell windows, both resulting in depolarization of excited state which can lead to the new observations. The effect of excited state depolarization is confirmed also by the fluorescence (absorption) spectra measurement in micrometric cells with different thicknesses.
The nonlinear absorption and fluorescence spectra of 133 Cs vapours confined to the extremely thin cell are computed in the framework of perturbation theory regarding to the intensity of the laser light illumination. The amplitude as well as the sign of the longitudinal alignment of the ground state is shown to be defined by the spontaneous decay of the upper level. The sign and the magnitude of the nonlinear absorption resonance on the closed optical transition are shown to be defined by this process as well.