Pairwise Liouvillian learning from randomized measurements: practical aspects and guidelines for operating the protocol in large-scale experiments

William T. Lam, Manoj K. Joshi, Daniel Stilck França, Benoît Vermersch (May 27 2026).

Abstract: We review and numerically study a protocol for Liouvillian learning based on randomized Pauli states and measurements. In particular, in the two-body, long-range interactions, and single-body noise setting, we describe the complete workflow to obtain the coefficients of the Liouvillian in an efficient and pairwise manner, meaning that the required classical memory is independent of the system size. We also provide guidelines for choosing the parameters for data acquisition and postprocessing that minimize the total reconstruction error.

Arxiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.26953