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arXiv:quant-ph/9901048

Path Integral on Relativistic Spinless Potential Problems

De‐Hone Lin

Published Jan 17, 1999• 1 citation
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Abstract

The formulation of the relativistic spinless path integral on the general affine space is presented. For the one dimensional space, the Duru-Kleinert (DK) method and the $δ$-function perturbation technique are applied to solve the relativistic path integrals of the smooth potential and the Dirichlet boundary condition problems, respectively.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/9901048

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The formulation of the relativistic spinless path integral on the general affine space is presented. For the one dimensional space, the Duru-Kleinert (DK) method and the δδδ-function perturbation technique are applied to solve the relativistic path integrals of the smooth potential and the Dirichlet boundary condition problems, respectively.
delta '-function perturbations and Neumann boundary conditions are incorporated into the path integral formalism. The starting point is consideration of the path integral representation for the one-dimensional Dirac particle together with a relativistic point interaction. The nonrelativistic limit yields either the usual delta -function or a delta '-function perturbation; making their strengths infinitely repulsive one respectively obtains either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions in the path integral.
A proposal is given, of how to implement point interactions and boundary conditions in the path integral. The starting point is a path-integral formulation of a Dirac particle in one dimension. The implementation of a point interaction yields, by means of a perturbation expansion, the corresponding Green function for a relativistic particle. In the non-relativistic limit several cases can be distinguished depending on which of the four possibilities of the point interaction has been chosen. By a proper combination of the various possibilities of implementing the point interaction, the whole range of the four-parameter family of boundary conditions for point interactions can be exploited, in the relativistic case as well as in the non-relativistic limit. In addition, making the strength of the point interaction infinitely repulsive yields boundary conditions at finite points on the real line. In particular, Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions emerge. The method is illustrated with some examples.
#delta#'-function perturbations and Neumann boundary conditions are incorporated into the path integral formalism. The starting point is the consideration of the path integral representation for the one dimensional Dirac particle together with a relativistic point interaction. The non-relativistic limit yields either a usual #delta#-function or a #delta#'-function perturbation; making their strengths infinitely repulsive one obtains Dirichlet, respectively Neumann boundary conditions in the path integral. (orig.)
The path integral approach to quantum mechanics provides a method of quantization of dynamical systems directly from the Lagrange formalism. In field theory the method presents some advantages over Hamiltonian quantization. The Lagrange formalism preserves relativistic covariance which makes the Feynman method very convenient to achieve the renormalization of field theories both in perturbative and non-perturbative approaches. However, when the systems are confined in bounded domains we shall show that the path integral approach does not describe the most general type of boundary conditions. Highly non-local boundary conditions cannot be described by Feynman's approach. We analyse in this note the origin of this problem in quantum mechanics and its implications for field theory.