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arXiv:quant-ph/9812006

Realization of a Four Parameter Family of Generalized One-Dimensional Contact Interactions by Three Nearby Delta Potentials with Renormalized Strengths

Takaomi Shigehara, Hiroshi Mizoguchi, Mishima, T., Taksu Cheon

Published Dec 2, 1998• 10 citations
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Abstract

We propose a new method to construct a four parameter family of quantum-mechanical point interactions in one dimension, which is known as all possible self-adjoint extensions of the symmetric operator $T=-Δ\lceil C^{\infty}_{0}({\bf R} \backslash\{0\})$. It is achieved in the small distance limit of equally spaced three neighboring Dirac's $δ$ potentials. The strength for each $δ$ is appropriately renormalized according to the distance and it diverges, in general, in the small distance limit. The validity of our method is ensured by numerical calculations. In general cases except for usual $δ$, the wave function discontinuity appears around the interaction and one can observe such a tendency even at a finite distance level.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/9812006

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We propose a new method to construct a four parameter family of quantum-mechanical point interactions in one dimension, which is known as all possible self-adjoint extensions of the symmetric operator T=−Δ⌈C0∞(R\{0})T=-Δ\lceil C^{\infty}_{0}({\bf R} \backslash\{0\})T=−Δ⌈C0∞​(R\{0}). It is achieved in the small distance limit of equally spaced three neighboring Dirac's δδδ potentials. The strength for each δδδ is appropriately renormalized according to the distance and it diverges, in general, in the small distance limit. The validity of our method is ensured by numerical calculations. In general cases except for usual δδδ, the wave function discontinuity appears around the interaction and one can observe such a tendency even at a finite distance level.
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The scattering properties of a three-parameter family of point dipole-like interactions constructed from a sequence of barrier-well rectangles are studied in the zero-range limit. Besides the real (unrenormalized) δ'-interaction, the derivative of Dirac's delta function, a whole family of point dipole interactions with a renormalized coupling constant are analysed. Depending on the parameter values, all these interactions being self-adjoint extensions of the one-dimensional Schrödinger operator are shown to be divided into four types: (i) interactions will full transparency, (ii) non-transparent interactions, (iii) partially transparent interactions acting effectively as a δ-interaction and (iv) interactions with partial transparency at discrete resonant values of the coupling constant.
There is a four-parameter family of point interactions in one-dimensional quantum mechanics. They represent all possible self-adjoint extensions of the kinetic energy operator. If time-reversal invariance is imposed, the number of parameters is reduced to three. One of these point interactions is the familiar function potential but the other generalized ones do not seem to be widely known. We present a pedestrian approach to this subject and comment on a recent controversy in the literature concerning the so-called interaction. We emphasize that there is little resemblance between the interaction and what its name suggests.
A well-known tool in conventional (von Neumann) quantum mechanics is the self-adjoint extension technique for symmetric operators. It is used, e.g., for the construction of Dirac–Hermitian Hamiltonians with point-interaction potentials. Here we reshape this technique to allow for the construction of pseudo-Hermitian ( J -self-adjoint) Hamiltonians with complex point interactions. We demonstrate that the resulting Hamiltonians are bijectively related to the so-called hypermaximal neutral subspaces of the defect Krein space of the symmetric operator. This symmetric operator is allowed to have arbitrary but equal deficiency indices ⟨ n , n ⟩. General properties of the operators for these Hamiltonians are derived. A detailed study of -operator parametrizations and Krein type resolvent formulae is provided for J -self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators with deficiency indices ⟨2, 2⟩. The technique is exemplified on 1D pseudo-Hermitian Schrödinger and Dirac Hamiltonians with complex point-interaction potentials.
We consider the one-dimensional Dirac equation with the most general relativistic contact interaction supported on two points symmetrically located with respect to the origin. In order to determine the shape of the interaction, we use a distributional method, which in the present case is equivalent to the standard method of defining contact interactions by self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators. The interaction on each of these two points depends on four parameters, each one having a clear physical meaning. We are interested in the scattering and confining properties of this model. We focus our attention on even or odd interactions under parity transformations and investigate the existence of critical and supercritical states, bound states, confinement and scattering resonances for some particular interactions of special interest.